戚

See also: 慼

戚	U+621A, 戚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-621A

← 戙
[U+6219]

CJK Unified Ideographs

戛 →
[U+621B]

Translingual

Han character

戚 (radical 62 戈+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹卜一火 (IHYMF), four-corner 5320₀, composition ⿵戊尗)

References

KangXi: page 412, character 38

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11594

Dae Jaweon: page 755, character 26

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1406, character 15

Unihan data for U+621A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		戚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
椒	*ʔsliw
茮	*ʔsliw
踧	l'ɯːwɢ, ʔslɯwɢ
蔋	*l'ɯːwɢ
惄	*nɯːwɢ
戚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慼	*sʰlɯːwɢ
鏚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慽	*sʰlɯːwɢ
磩	*sʰlɯːwɢ
寂	*zlɯːwɢ
嘁	*ʔsluːb
墄	*sʰlɯːɡ
摵	srɯːɡ, ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ
督	*ʔl'uːwɢ
錖	*ʔl'uːwɢ
裻	ʔl'uːwɢ, sluːwɢ
傶	*ʔslɯːwɢ
蹙	*ʔslɯwɢ
槭	*ʔslɯwɢ
縬	ʔslɯwɢ, ʔsrɯwɢ
顣	*ʔslɯwɢ
敊	*l̥ʰɯwɢ
琡	ʔljɯwɢ, l̥ʰjɯwɢ
俶	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
埱	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
淑	*ɦljɯwɢ
婌	*ɦljɯwɢ
尗	*hljɯwɢ
叔	*hljɯwɢ
掓	*hljɯwɢ
菽	*hljɯwɢ
鮛	*hljɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰlɯːwɢ) : semantic 戊 (“scythe”) + phonetic 尗 (OC *hljɯwɢ) – in early sense, a battle-axe, a kind of cutting weapon.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qī (qi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cik¹
Min Bei (KCR): chĭ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhiak / chhek

(Teochew, Peng'im): cêg⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qī
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ih¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cik¹
  - Yale: chīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: qig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪk̚⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chĭ
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
  - Tâi-lô: tshiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek
  - Tâi-lô: tshik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zheg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshek
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰek̚²/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰek̚/▼

Rime
Character	戚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	倉歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰek̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰiek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qi

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tʰˤiwk/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰlɯːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	戚	戚	戚	戚
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qī	qī	qī	qī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshek ›	‹ tshek ›	‹ tshek ›	‹ tshek ›
Old Chinese	/*s.tʰˤiwk/	/*s.tʰˤiwk/	/*s.tʰˤiwk/	/*s.tʰˤiwk/
English	(in "toad")	relatives	kind of battle axe	worried; sad; depressed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	戚
Reading #	1/1
No.	11729
Phonetic component	尗
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	戚
Old Chinese	/*sʰlɯːwɢ/

Definitions

戚

relative
to be related to
sad

Compounds

串親戚／串亲戚
休戚 (xiūqī)
休戚相關／休戚相关
休戚與共／休戚与共
內戚／内戚
右戚
同休共戚
哀戚 (āiqī)
國戚／国戚 (guóqī)
國戚皇親／国戚皇亲
外戚
干戚
悲悲戚戚
悲戚
愁戚戚

憂戚／忧戚
懿戚
戚串
戚容
戚屬／戚属
戚戚 (qīqī)
戚施
戚族
戚然
戚舊／戚旧
戚誼／戚谊 (qīyì)
戚里
戚黨／戚党
攀親引戚／攀亲引戚

朱干玉戚
欣戚
炊臼之戚
王公貴戚／王公贵戚
甯戚扣角
甯戚飯牛／甯戚饭牛
皇親國戚／皇亲国戚 (huángqīnguóqī)
籧篨戚施
自詒伊戚／自诒伊戚
自貽伊戚／自贻伊戚
親戚／亲戚 (qīnqī)
貴戚／贵戚
高朋故戚
鼓盆之戚

Japanese

Kanji

戚

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

grieve

Readings

Goon: しゃく (shaku)
Kan’on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
On: そく (soku)
Kun: みうち (miuchi, 戚); いたむ (itamu, 戚む); うれえる (ureeru, 戚える)

Korean

Hanja

戚 • (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

戚 (thích)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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