劣

劣	U+52A3, 劣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52A3

← 劢
[U+52A2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

劤 →
[U+52A4]

劣	U+F99D, 劣 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F99D

← 列
[U+F99C]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

咽 →
[U+F99E]

Translingual

Alternative forms

A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+F99D with no change in composition.
Note that in Japanese Kanji, Korean Hanja and Vietnamese Nom, the middle stroke of the top component 小 is written 亅 with a hook whereas in modern Chinese scripts the middle stroke is written 丨 with no downward hook.

Han character

劣 (radical 19 力+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火竹大尸 (FHKS), four-corner 9042₇, composition ⿱少力)

Derived characters

挘, 㭞, 𨦒, 𨾻, 𩷈, 𠢣, 𠣇, 𬏩

References

KangXi: page 146, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2302
Dae Jaweon: page 330, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 367, character 5
Unihan data for U+52A3

Unihan data for U+F99D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		劣

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 劣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 少 (“little, less”) + 力 (“strength”). 少 also functions as phonetic.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liè, lüè (lie⁴, lüe⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ, ㄌㄩㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lyut³, lyut⁶
Min Nan (POJ): loa̍t / loat

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: liè
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: lieh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lieh
  - IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Beijing dialect, colloquial reading)⁺
  - Pinyin: lüè
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄩㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: lüeh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liueh
  - IPA ^(key): /lɥ̯œ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lyut³, lyut⁶
  - Yale: lyut, lyuht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lyt⁸, lyt⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lüd³, lüd⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /lyːt̚³/, /lyːt̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: lua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loat
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /luat̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /luat̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loat
  - Tâi-lô: luat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: load
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /luat̚⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 劣
Mandarin	Beijing	/lyɛ⁵¹/ /liɛ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/liɛ²¹³/
	Tianjin	/lie⁵³/
	Jinan	/liə²¹/
	Qingdao	/liə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/lyo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/lyɛ²¹/
	Xining	/lɨ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/lie¹³/
	Lanzhou	/lyə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/lyɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/nie²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nie³¹/ /ne³¹/
	Guiyang	/nie²¹/
	Kunming	/liɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/lieʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/liɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/lyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/liʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/liaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/liɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/liəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/lɑʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/le²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/le²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/liɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/lie²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/nie²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/liɛʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lot̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lyt̚³/
	Nanning	/lyt̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/lyt̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/luat̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/luɔʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/lyɛ²⁴/ /liɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/luak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/luak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /liuᴇt̚/▼

Rime
Character	劣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	薛 (82)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力輟切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwiat̚/
Li Rong	/liuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/lĭuɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lüè

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*rod/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	劣
Reading #	1/1
No.	8142
Phonetic component	劣
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	劣
Old Chinese	/*rod/
Notes	力少會意，說文少聲非

Definitions

劣

bad, poor, inferior
slightly

Antonyms

優／优 (yōu)

Compounds

下劣 (xiàliè)
不劣方頭／不劣方头
乖劣
了劣
低劣 (dīliè)
優劣／优劣 (yōuliè)
優勝劣敗／优胜劣败
劣勢／劣势 (lièshì)
劣化警報／劣化警报
劣匠
劣品
劣弧
劣性
劣怯
劣憋
劣把
劣把頭／劣把头
劣敗／劣败
劣株
劣根性 (liègēnxìng)

劣比
劣相
劣種／劣种 (lièzhǒng)
劣筆／劣笔
劣等 (lièděng)
劣等生
劣紳／劣绅
劣缺
劣缺搊搜
劣藥／劣药
劣行
劣角
劣貨／劣货
劣質／劣质
劣跡／劣迹 (lièjì)
劣跡昭著／劣迹昭著
劣蹶
劣酒
劣馬／劣马
卑劣 (bēiliè)

卑劣手段
土豪劣紳／土豪劣绅
惡劣／恶劣 (èliè)
愚劣
憋劣
拙劣 (zhuōliè)
方頭不劣／方头不劣
日趨惡劣／日趋恶劣
狠劣
窳劣
粗劣
粗衣劣食
羸劣
臞劣
蕪劣／芜劣
薄劣
闇劣
陋劣
頑劣／顽劣 (wánliè)

Japanese

Kanji

劣

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

bad, poor, inferior

Readings

On (unclassified): れつ (retsu, Jōyō)
Kun: おとる (otoru, 劣る, Jōyō)

Compounds

劣悪 (れつあく) (retsuaku)
劣位 (れつい) (retsui)
劣後 (れつご) (retsugo)
劣 (れっ)等 (とう) (rettō)
愚劣 (ぐれつ) (guretsu)
下劣 (げれつ) (geretsu)
拙劣 (せつれつ) (setsuretsu)
卑劣 (ひれつ) (hiretsu)
優劣 (ゆうれつ) (yūretsu)

Korean

Hanja

劣 • (ryeol) (hangeul 렬, revised ryeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏl)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

劣 (liệt, lẹt)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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