偽

See also: 伪 and 僞
偽 U+507D, 偽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-507D
← 偼
[U+507C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偾 →
[U+507E]

Translingual

Han character

偽 (radical 9 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人戈大火 (OIKF), four-corner 22227, composition ⿰亻為)

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 112, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 927
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 195, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+507D

Chinese

trad. 偽/僞
simp. 伪

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 偽
Small seal script

s05848

Transcribed ancient scripts

L21811

L21812

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋʷrals) : semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 為 (OC *ɢʷal, *ɢʷals, “to make”), originally “artificial”.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • gūi - literary;
  • ûi/ūi - vernacular (俗).
Rime
Character 偽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 支 (14)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 危睡切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋˠiuᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋʷᵚiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋiuɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋjwiə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /ŋjueH/
Wang
Li		 /ŋǐweH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋwie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wèi
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 偽 偽
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wěi wěi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngjweH › ‹ ngjweH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*N-ɢʷ(r)aj-s/ /*m-ɢʷ(r)aj-s/
English FALSE falsify; deceive

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 偽
Reading # 1/1
No. 12867
Phonetic
component		 爲
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 僞
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋʷrals/

Definitions

偽

  1. false; counterfeit; bogus; fake
    虛偽 / 虚伪  ―  xūwěi  ―  hypocritical; hypocrisy
    偽造 / 伪造  ―  wěizào  ―  to forge; to counterfeit
    偽鈔 / 伪钞  ―  wěichāo  ―  counterfeit banknote
    偽政權 / 伪政权  ―  wěizhèngquán  ―  puppet government
  2. falsehood; untruthfulness
  3. illegal; illegitimate
  4. pseudo-
    偽麻黃鹼 / 伪麻黄碱  ―  wěimáhuángjiǎn  ―  pseudoephedrine

Compounds

  • 偽飾／伪饰
  • 偽麻黃鹼／伪麻黄碱 (wěimáhuángjiǎn)
  • 別裁偽體／别裁伪体
  • 去偽存真／去伪存真
  • 情偽／情伪
  • 真偽／真伪 (zhēnwěi)
  • 真偽莫辨／真伪莫辨
  • 矯言偽行／矫言伪行
  • 矯飾偽行／矫饰伪行
  • 虛偽／虚伪 (xūwěi)
  • 詐偽／诈伪
  • 邪偽／邪伪
  • 飾偽／饰伪

Japanese

Shinjitai

 偽

Kyūjitai

 僞

Kanji

偽

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 僞)

  1. falsehood, lie
  2. deceive
  3. pretend
  4. counterfeit, forgery

Readings

Compounds

See also

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
偽
ぎ
Grade: S
on’yomi

/ɡwi/ → /ɡi/

From Middle Chinese 僞 (MC ŋˠiuᴇH).

Pronunciation

Adjectival noun

偽 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 僞, hiragana ぎ, rōmaji gi)

  1. (logic) false
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
偽
にせ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 似せる (niseru, “copy, imitate, forge”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adjectival noun

偽 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 僞, hiragana にせ, katakana ニセ, rōmaji nise)

  1. imitation, fake
  2. counterfeit, forgery

Prefix

偽 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 僞, hiragana にせ, katakana ニセ, rōmaji nise-)

  1. pseudo-
Usage notes
  • This is an example of a word that can be spelled with katakana to convey an informal conversational tone, as ニセ.
Derived terms

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

偽 • (wi) (hangeul 위, McCune–Reischauer wi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

偽 (nguỵ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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