soma

See also: Soma, SoMa, somā, somă, Sōma, and søma

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Noun

soma (plural somas or somata)

  1. (anatomy) The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail.
  2. (cytology) The bulbous part of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus.
Synonyms
  • See also Thesaurus:body
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit सोम (sóma), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáwmas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwmas, from *su-.

Noun

soma (uncountable)

  1. A ritual drink in ancient Vedic and continuing Hindu culture, obtained by pressing the Soma plant.
    • 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books 2007, p. 82:
      Once he had drunk the intoxicating soma, he experienced an ascent to the gods without having to die a violent death, as in the old ritual.
  2. (by extension) any kind of intoxicating drug
Synonyms
  • Soma (alternative capitalization)

Anagrams

Finnish

Etymology

Related to Ludian čoma.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsomɑ/

Adjective

soma (comparative somempi, superlative somin)

  1. pretty
  2. cute, sweet

Declension

Inflection of soma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative soma somat
genitive soman somien
partitive somaa somia
illative somaan somiin
singular plural
nominative soma somat
accusative nom. soma somat
gen. soman
genitive soman somien
somainrare
partitive somaa somia
inessive somassa somissa
elative somasta somista
illative somaan somiin
adessive somalla somilla
ablative somalta somilta
allative somalle somille
essive somana somina
translative somaksi somiksi
instructive — somin
abessive somatta somitta
comitative — somine

Anagrams

Galician

furrows (gl:regos) and ridges (somas) in a ploughed field

Etymology

From Latin summa (“top”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsoma̝/

Noun

soma f (plural somas)

  1. ridge (formed besides a furrow)

Synonyms

  • lombeiro, márdea, mesa, sorrello

References

Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin sagma, from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma). Compare the doublet salma (“corpse”).

Noun

soma f (plural some)

  1. the load borne by a pack animal
  2. the measure of the capacity of a given animal to bear a load
  3. (poetic) a weight

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

Noun

soma m (plural somi)

  1. (medicine) soma

Derived terms

Anagrams

Italiot Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

Noun

soma n

  1. Italiot dialect form of σώμα (sóma)

Japanese

Romanization

soma

  1. Rōmaji transcription of そま

Latvian

Etymology 1

Ceļasoma
Mugursoma

Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sūōma]

Noun

soma f (4th declension)

  1. bag, pack (fabric, leather, etc. object with straps or handles, used for carrying small objects, groceries, etc.)
    pasta soma ― mail bag
    medību soma ― (hunting) game bag
    skolas soma ― satchel, school bag
    iepirkumu soma ― shopping bag
    ceļa soma, ceļasoma ― suitcase (lit. travelling bag)
    rokas soma, rokassoma ― purse (lit. hand bag)
    mugursoma ― backpack, knapsack, rucksack
  2. (biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)
    ķengura soma ― kangaroo pouch
Declension
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

See soms.

Noun

soma m

  1. genitive singular form of soms

References

  1. ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “soma”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Portuguese

soma (1)

Etymology 1

From Latin summa.

Pronunciation

Noun

soma f (plural somas)

  1. (arithmetic) sum (quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)
  2. sum (quantity of money)

Etymology 2

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Pronunciation

  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈso.mɐ/
  • Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

  1. (anatomy, cytology) soma

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit सोम (sóma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma, from Proto-Indo-European *sew(h)-.

Pronunciation

  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈsɔ.mɐ/
  • Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

  1. (religion) soma

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈsɔ.mɐ/
  • Hyphenation: so‧ma

Verb

soma

  1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of somar
  2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of somar

Romanian

Etymology

From French sommer.

Verb

a soma (third-person singular present somează, past participle somat) 1st conj.

  1. to summon

Conjugation

Rwanda-Rundi

Verb

soma

  1. to read

Swahili

Etymology

Of Bantu origin.

Verb

-soma (infinitive kusoma)

  1. to read

Conjugation

Conjugation of -soma
Non-finite forms
Form Positive Negative
Infinitive kusoma kutosoma
Simple finite forms
Positive form Singular Plural
Imperative soma someni
Habitual husoma
Complex finite forms
Polarity Persons Persons / Classes Classes
1st 2nd 3rd / M-wa M-mi Ma Ki-vi N U Ku Pa Mu
Sg. Pl. Sg. Pl. Sg. / 1 Pl. / 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 / 14 15 / 17 16 18
Past
Positive nilisoma
nalisoma		 tulisoma
twalisoma		 ulisoma
walisoma		 mlisoma
mwalisoma		 alisoma walisoma ulisoma ilisoma lilisoma yalisoma kilisoma vilisoma ilisoma zilisoma ulisoma kulisoma palisoma mulisoma
Relative niliosoma
naliosoma		 tuliosoma
twaliosoma		 uliosoma
waliosoma		 mliosoma
mwaliosoma		 aliosoma waliosoma uliosoma iliosoma liliosoma yaliosoma kiliosoma viliosoma iliosoma ziliosoma uliosoma kuliosoma paliosoma muliosoma
Negative sikusoma hatukusoma hukusoma hamkusoma hakusoma hawakusoma haukusoma haikusoma halikusoma hayakusoma hakikusoma havikusoma haikusoma hazikusoma haukusoma hakukusoma hapakusoma hamukusoma
Present
Positive ninasoma
nasoma		 tunasoma unasoma mnasoma anasoma wanasoma unasoma inasoma linasoma yanasoma kinasoma vinasoma inasoma zinasoma unasoma kunasoma panasoma munasoma
Relative ninaosoma
naosoma		 tunaosoma unaosoma mnaosoma anaosoma wanaosoma unaosoma inaosoma linaosoma yanaosoma kinaosoma vinaosoma inaosoma zinaosoma unaosoma kunaosoma panaosoma munaosoma
Negative sisomi hatusomi husomi hamsomi hasomi hawasomi hausomi haisomi halisomi hayasomi hakisomi havisomi haisomi hazisomi hausomi hakusomi hapasomi hamusomi
Future
Positive nitasoma tutasoma utasoma mtasoma atasoma watasoma utasoma itasoma litasoma yatasoma kitasoma vitasoma itasoma zitasoma utasoma kutasoma patasoma mutasoma
Relative nitakaosoma tutakaosoma utakaosoma mtakaosoma atakaosoma watakaosoma utakaosoma itakaosoma litakaosoma yatakaosoma kitakaosoma vitakaosoma itakaosoma zitakaosoma utakaosoma kutakaosoma patakaosoma mutakaosoma
Negative sitasoma hatutasoma hutasoma hamtasoma hatasoma hawatasoma hautasoma haitasoma halitasoma hayatasoma hakitasoma havitasoma haitasoma hazitasoma hautasoma hakutasoma hapatasoma hamutasoma
Subjunctive
Positive nisome tusome usome msome asome wasome usome isome lisome yasome kisome visome isome zisome usome kusome pasome musome
Negative nisisome tusisome usisome msisome asisome wasisome usisome isisome lisisome yasisome kisisome visisome isisome zisisome usisome kusisome pasisome musisome
Present Conditional
Positive ningesoma tungesoma ungesoma mngesoma angesoma wangesoma ungesoma ingesoma lingesoma yangesoma kingesoma vingesoma ingesoma zingesoma ungesoma kungesoma pangesoma mungesoma
Negative nisingesoma
singesoma		 tusingesoma
hatungesoma		 usingesoma
hungesoma		 msingesoma
hamngesoma		 asingesoma
hangesoma		 wasingesoma
hawangesoma		 usingesoma
haungesoma		 isingesoma
haingesoma		 lisingesoma
halingesoma		 yasingesoma
hayangesoma		 kisingesoma
hakingesoma		 visingesoma
havingesoma		 isingesoma
haingesoma		 zisingesoma
hazingesoma		 usingesoma
haungesoma		 kusingesoma
hakungesoma		 pasingesoma
hapangesoma		 musingesoma
hamungesoma
Past Conditional
Positive ningalisoma tungalisoma ungalisoma mngalisoma angalisoma wangalisoma ungalisoma ingalisoma lingalisoma yangalisoma kingalisoma vingalisoma ingalisoma zingalisoma ungalisoma kungalisoma pangalisoma mungalisoma
Negative nisingalisoma
singalisoma		 tusingalisoma
hatungalisoma		 usingalisoma
hungalisoma		 msingalisoma
hamngalisoma		 asingalisoma
hangalisoma		 wasingalisoma
hawangalisoma		 usingalisoma
haungalisoma		 isingalisoma
haingalisoma		 lisingalisoma
halingalisoma		 yasingalisoma
hayangalisoma		 kisingalisoma
hakingalisoma		 visingalisoma
havingalisoma		 isingalisoma
haingalisoma		 zisingalisoma
hazingalisoma		 usingalisoma
haungalisoma		 kusingalisoma
hakungalisoma		 pasingalisoma
hapangalisoma		 musingalisoma
hamungalisoma
Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive ningelisoma tungelisoma ungelisoma mngelisoma angelisoma wangelisoma ungelisoma ingelisoma lingelisoma yangelisoma kingelisoma vingelisoma ingelisoma zingelisoma ungelisoma kungelisoma pangelisoma mungelisoma
General Relative
Positive nisomao tusomao usomao msomao asomao wasomao usomao isomao lisomao yasomao kisomao visomao isomao zisomao usomao kusomao pasomao musomao
Negative nisiosoma tusiosoma usiosoma msiosoma asiosoma wasiosoma usiosoma isiosoma lisiosoma yasiosoma kisiosoma visiosoma isiosoma zisiosoma usiosoma kusiosoma pasiosoma musiosoma
Gnomic
Positive nasoma twasoma wasoma mwasoma asoma wasoma wasoma yasoma lasoma yasoma chasoma vyasoma yasoma zasoma wasoma kwasoma pasoma mwasoma
Perfect
Positive nimesoma tumesoma umesoma mmesoma amesoma wamesoma umesoma imesoma limesoma yamesoma kimesoma vimesoma imesoma zimesoma umesoma kumesoma pamesoma mumesoma
"Already"
Positive nimeshasoma tumeshasoma umeshasoma mmeshasoma ameshasoma wameshasoma umeshasoma imeshasoma limeshasoma yameshasoma kimeshasoma vimeshasoma imeshasoma zimeshasoma umeshasoma kumeshasoma pameshasoma mumeshasoma
"Not yet"
Negative sijasoma hatujasoma hujasoma hamjasoma hajasoma hawajasoma haujasoma haijasoma halijasoma hayajasoma hakijasoma havijasoma haijasoma hazijasoma haujasoma hakujasoma hapajasoma hamujasoma
"If/When"
Positive nikisoma tukisoma ukisoma mkisoma akisoma wakisoma ukisoma ikisoma likisoma yakisoma kikisoma vikisoma ikisoma zikisoma ukisoma kukisoma pakisoma mukisoma
"If not"
Negative nisiposoma tusiposoma usiposoma msiposoma asiposoma wasiposoma usiposoma isiposoma lisiposoma yasiposoma kisiposoma visiposoma isiposoma zisiposoma usiposoma kusiposoma pasiposoma musiposoma
Consecutive
Positive nikasoma tukasoma ukasoma mkasoma akasoma wakasoma ukasoma ikasoma likasoma yakasoma kikasoma vikasoma ikasoma zikasoma ukasoma kukasoma pakasoma mukasoma
Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

  • Verbal derivations:
  • Nominal derivations:

Turkish

Noun

soma

  1. dative singular of som
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