arbor

See also: Arbor and árbor

English

Pronunciation

  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑː(r)bə(r)

Etymology 1

From Middle English arbour, erbour, from Old French erbier (“field, meadow, kitchen garden”), from erbe (“grass, herb”), from Latin herba (“grass, herb”) (English herb). (Compare Late Latin herbārium, although erbier is possibly an independent formation.) The spelling was influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Alternative forms

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

  1. A shady sitting place, usually in a park or garden, and usually surrounded by climbing shrubs or vines and other vegetation.
  2. A grove of trees.
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French arbre (“tree, axis”), spelling influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

  1. An axis or shaft supporting a rotating part on a lathe.
  2. A bar for supporting cutting tools.
  3. A spindle of a wheel.
Translations

Anagrams

Latin

arbor (a tree)

Alternative forms

Etymology

By rhotacism from Old Latin arbōs, arbōsis, from Proto-Italic *arðōs, cognate with arduus (“high”): the meaning is "high plant"; the Indo-European /dʰ/ was shifted to /b/. From the Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈar.bor/, [ˈar.bɔr]
  • Audio (Classical)(file)

Noun

arbor f (genitive arboris); third declension

  1. a tree
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 10
      Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam / uulnera siccabat lymphis corpusque leuabat / arboris acclinis trunco
      Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.
  2. mast (of a ship)
  3. javelin, shaft of a javelin
  4. a gallows
  5. vocative singular of arbor

Inflection

Third declension.

Case Singular Plural
nominative arbor arborēs
genitive arboris arborum
dative arborī arboribus
accusative arborem arborēs
ablative arbore arboribus
vocative arbor arborēs

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Further reading

References

  • arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • arbor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • arbor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
  • arbor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
    • the trees are coming into leaf: arbores frondescunt
    • to plant trees: arbores serere (De Sen. 7. 24)
    • to fell trees: arbores caedere

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin arbor, arborem, from Old Latin arbōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈar.βor]

Noun

arbor m (plural arbores)

  1. tree
    • c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 1v. b.
      ally delát ebró. es mót mãbre. e ouo y grát arbor. e fue enzina. ala rayz daq́l arbor estaua abraã.
      There, past Hebron, is the hill Mamre, where there was a great oak tree. Abraham was [sitting] on the root of that tree.
    • Idem, f. 42v. b.
      e crebantaredes todas cibdades en caſtelladas entodos los arbores fermoſos todas las fontanas del agua cerraredes. entodas las buenas seńas abatredes […]
      And you shall defeat all cities and fortified towns, and fell all the good trees, and seal all the springs of water and ruin all the good pieces of land.
Descendants

Romanian

Noun

arbor m (plural arbori)

  1. Alternative form of arbore
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