馬上
See also: 马上
Chinese
| horse; surname | up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (馬上) | 馬 | 上 | |
| simp. (马上) | 马 | 上 | |
| anagram | 上馬／上马 | ||
Etymology
From 馬背上 (mǎ bèi shàng), "on horseback", by extension, "at once; immediately", on account of the horse being the fastest mode of transportation in ancient times.[1]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): maa5 soeng6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mâ-song
- Min Nan (POJ): má-siōng / má-siāng
- Wu (Wiktionary): 'ma zaan (T1); 'mo zaan (T1); ma zaan (T3); mo zaan (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄕㄤˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maashanq
- IPA (key): /ma̠²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: maa5 soeng6
- Yale: máh seuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: maa5 soeng6
- Guangdong Romanization: ma5 sêng6
- IPA (key): /mɑː¹³ sœːŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-song
- Hakka Romanization System: ma´ song
- Hagfa Pinyim: ma1 song4
- IPA: /ma²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-siōng
- Tâi-lô: má-siōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: mafsiong
- IPA (Xiamen): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɔŋ²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɕiɔŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɔŋ³³/
- IPA (Taipei): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-siāng
- Tâi-lô: má-siāng
- Phofsit Daibuun: mafsiang
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiaŋ²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɕiaŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: 'ma zaan (T1); 'mo zaan (T1); ma zaan (T3); mo zaan (T3)
- IPA (key): /ʔma̱⁵⁵ z̻ɑ̃²¹/, /ʔmo⁵⁵ z̻ɑ̃²¹/, /ma̱²² z̻ɑ̃⁴⁴/, /mo²² z̻ɑ̃⁴⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
Adverb
馬上
- (literally) on horseback
- at once; immediately; without delay; in a minute
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 馬上 (“immediately; at once”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 立刻、立即、即時、即刻、隨即、迅即、立時、當下、登時、頓時 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 馬上、立時刻 |
| Taiwan | 馬上、立刻 | |
| Jinan | 馬上、馬上馬、立刻 | |
| Xi'an | 馬上 | |
| Wuhan | 馬上、接身 | |
| Chengdu | 馬上、跟倒 | |
| Yangzhou | 馬上 | |
| Hefei | 馬上 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 即刻、登時 |
| Hong Kong | 即刻 | |
| Taishan | 即刻、當下 | |
| Yangjiang | 跟手 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 馬上、仰上 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 即刻、馬上 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 黏時、黏皮、跈等、馬上 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 黏時、黏皮、跈等、馬上 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 黏皮、黏時、跈等、馬上 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 黏時、跈緊、跈核、登時、馬上 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 黏時、跈等、馬上 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 黏時、隨 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 跟手 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 馬上 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 此刻 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 連鞭、隨、隨時、隨煞、現煞 |
| Quanzhou | 連鞭、隨、隨煞、現煞 | |
| Zhangzhou | 連鞭、隨、現煞 | |
| Taipei | 連鞭、隨時、即時 | |
| Chaozhou | 隨時 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 馬上、即刻、隨即、立刻、立時、頓時、歇歇 |
| Suzhou | 馬上 | |
| Wenzhou | 馬上、馬上馬、隨手 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 馬上 |
| Shuangfeng | 馬上 | |
See also
References
- ↑ 文若愚 (2014) 语言常识全知道, 中国华侨出版社
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 馬 | 上 |
| ば Grade: 2 |
じょう Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi | |
Noun
馬上 (hiragana ばじょう, rōmaji bajō)
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
- 1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
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