銅

See also: 铜
銅 U+9285, 銅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9285
← 銄
[U+9284] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 銆 →
[U+9286]

Translingual

Han character

銅 (radical 167 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金月一口 (CBMR), four-corner 87120, composition ⿰釒同)

References

  • KangXi: page 1304, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40361
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1806, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4196, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+9285

Chinese

trad. 銅
simp. 铜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 銅
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鮦 *duʔ, *doŋʔ
侗 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
恫 *tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
痌 *tʰoːŋ
同 *doːŋ
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
銅 *doːŋ
桐 *doːŋ
峒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
硐 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
筒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
洞 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
烔 *doːŋ
挏 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
酮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
鲖 *doːŋ
眮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
衕 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
哃 *doːŋ
絧 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
姛 *doːŋʔ
詷 *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
胴 *doːŋs
駧 *doːŋs
迵 *doːŋs
戙 *doːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *doːŋ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 同 (OC *doːŋ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tông - literary;
  • tâng - vernacular.
Rime
Character 銅
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒紅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /duŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /duŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /duŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dəwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /duŋ/
Wang
Li		 /duŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tóng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 銅
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tóng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ duwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[l]ˤoŋ/
English bronze, copper

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 銅
Reading # 1/1
No. 12448
Phonetic
component		 同
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 同
Old
Chinese		 /*doːŋ/

Definitions

銅

  1. copper (Cu)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (銅):
  • Japanese: 銅 (どう) (dō)
  • Korean: 동 (銅, dong)
  • Vietnamese: đồng (銅, “copper; dong (Vietnamese currency)”)
  • → Khmer: ទង់ (tŭəng, “bronze; red copper; alloy of copper and gold”), ថង (thɑɑng, “gold”), ទង (tɔɔng, “gold”)
  • → Lao: ທອງ (thǭng, “copper; gold; metal”)
  • → Thai: ทอง (tɔɔng, “gold”)

Japanese

Kanji

銅

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Chemical element
Cu Previous: ニッケル (nikkeru) (Ni)
Next: 亜 (あ)鉛 (えん) (aen) (Zn)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
銅
どう
Grade: 5
kan’yōon

From Middle Chinese 銅 (duwng, “copper”).

Pronunciation

Noun

銅 (hiragana どう, rōmaji dō)

  1. copper, Cu

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
銅
あかがね
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Compound of 赤 (aka, “red”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”). The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Noun

銅 (hiragana あかがね, rōmaji akagane)

  1. copper, Cu

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
銅
あか
Grade: 5
Irregular

Abbreviation of akagane.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

銅 (hiragana あか, rōmaji aka)

  1. copper, Cu

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

銅 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

銅 (đồng, đòng)

  1. Hán tự form of đồng, “copper”
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