蚤

蚤 U+86A4, 蚤
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86A4
← 蚣
[U+86A3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蚥 →
[U+86A5]

Translingual

Han character

蚤 (radical 142 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水戈中一戈 (EILMI), four-corner 17136, composition ⿱㕚虫)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1078, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32893
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1547, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2836, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+86A4

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 蚤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蚤
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (蚤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蚤 *ʔsuːʔ
慅 *sʰuːʔ, *suː
騷 *suː
搔 *suː
鰠 *suː
溞 *suː
颾 *suː
瘙 *suːs
瑵 *ʔsruːʔ
糔 *suʔ
鼜 *sʰɯːwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 虫 (“insect”) + 㕚 (“claw”) – a scratching insect/pest.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蚤
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 子晧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sawX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sɑuX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zǎo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蚤
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsawX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tsˤuʔ/
English flea

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蚤
Reading # 1/1
No. 16552
Phonetic
component		 蚤
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 早
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsuːʔ/

Definitions

蚤

  1. flea
  2. † Alternative form of 早.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 跳蚤 (“flea”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蚤
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 跳蚤
Mandarin Beijing 虼子、跳蚤
Taiwan 跳蚤
Jinan 虼蚤
Xi'an 虼蚤
Wuhan 虼蚤
Chengdu 虼蚤
Yangzhou 虼蚤
Hefei 虼蚤
Cantonese Guangzhou 狗蝨
Hong Kong 狗蝨
Taishan 狗蝨
Yangjiang 狗蝨
Gan Nanchang 虼蚤
Hakka Meixian 狗蝨
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 跳蚤
Liudui (S. Sixian) 跳蚤
Hsinchu (Hailu) 跳蚤
Dongshi (Dabu) 跳蚤
Zhuolan (Raoping) 跳蚤
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 蝨嫲
Jin Taiyuan 圪蚤
Min Bei Jian'ou 狗蚤
Min Dong Fuzhou 虼蚤
Min Nan Xiamen 虼蚤
Quanzhou 虼蚤
Zhangzhou 虼蚤
Taipei 虼蚤
Kaohsiung 虼蚤
Chaozhou 虼蚤
Wu Suzhou 跳蝨
Wenzhou 跳蚤、蚤
Xiang Changsha 虼蚤、狗蝨
Shuangfeng 狗子

Compounds

  • 劍水蚤／剑水蚤
  • 水蚤 (shuǐzǎo)
  • 狗蚤
  • 米蚤
  • 花蚤
  • 虼蚤 (gèzao)

Japanese

Kanji

蚤

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Etymology

蚤 (nomi): an illustration of a flea.
Kanji in this term
蚤
のみ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Possibly derived from 飲み (nomi), the nominalized 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 飲む (nomu, “to drink”), from the way that fleas drink the host's blood.

Pronunciation

Noun

蚤 (hiragana のみ, katakana ノミ, rōmaji nomi)

  1. a flea (parasitic insect)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as ノミ.

Derived terms

Idioms

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

蚤 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蚤 (nomi).

Kanji

蚤 (hiragana ぬみ, romaji numi)

Noun

蚤 (hiragana ぬみ, romaji numi)

  1. flea

Vietnamese

Han character

蚤 (tao)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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