烈士

Chinese

		ardent; intense; split ardent; intense; split; crack; rend	scholar; warrior; knight
simp. and trad. (烈士)		烈	士

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lièshì

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lit⁶ si⁶
Min Nan (POJ): lia̍t-sǐr / lia̍t-sū

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: lièshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄕˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liehshyh
  - IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    劣勢／劣势
    烈士
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lit⁶ si⁶
  - Yale: liht sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lit⁹ si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: lid⁶ xi⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /liːt̚² siː²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍t-sǐr
  - Tâi-lô: lia̍t-sǐr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛt̚²⁴⁻²² sɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍t-sū
  - Tâi-lô: lia̍t-sū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liadsu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɛt̚⁴⁻³² su²²/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ su²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liɛt̚⁴⁻³² su³³/

Middle Chinese: /liᴇt̚ d͡ʒɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	烈	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	薛 (81)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	良辥切	鉏里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇt̚/	/d͡ʒɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛt̚/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ljæt̚/	/d͡ʒie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liat̚/	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Li Rong	/liɛt̚/	/d͡ʒiə^X/
Wang Li	/lĭɛt̚/	/d͡ʒĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯ɛt̚/	/ɖ͡ʐʱi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liè	zhì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter-Sagart): /*[r]at [m-s-]rəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*red zrɯʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	烈	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liè	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ ljet ›	‹ dzri^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]at/	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	blazing; brilliant	officer; gentleman
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	烈	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	8130	11511
Phonetic component	列	士
Rime group	月	之
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime		士
Old Chinese	/*red/	/*zrɯʔ/

Noun

烈士

martyr
somebody with great goal

老驥伏櫪，志在千里；烈士暮年，壯心不已。 [MSC, trad.]
老骥伏枥，志在千里；烈士暮年，壮心不已。 [MSC, simp.]
From: 三國·魏·曹操《步出夏門行》
Lǎojì fúlì, zhì zài qiānlǐ; lièshì mùnián, zhuàngxīn bùyǐ. [Pinyin]
(please add an English translation of this example)

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