書信

See also: 书信

Chinese

		book; letter	letter; true; to believe letter; true; to believe; sign; evidence
trad. (書信)		書	信
simp. (书信)		书	信

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shūxìn

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄒㄧㄣˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): фущин (I-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): syu¹ seon³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sû-sin
Min Nan (POJ): su-sìn / chir-sìn / si-sìn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shūxìn
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄒㄧㄣˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shushinn
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: фущин (I-III)
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊ²⁴ ɕĩ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: syu¹ seon³
  - Yale: syū seun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sy¹ soen³
  - Guangdong Romanization: xu¹ sên³
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕyː⁵⁵ sɵn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sû-sin
  - Hakka Romanization System: su´ xin
  - Hagfa Pinyim: su¹ xin⁴
  - IPA: /su²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-sìn
  - Tâi-lô: su-sìn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: susixn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /su⁴⁴⁻²² ɕin²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕin²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕin¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chir-sìn
  - Tâi-lô: tsir-sìn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³ ɕin⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-sìn
  - Tâi-lô: si-sìn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sisixn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² ɕin²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɕɨʌ siɪn^H/▼

Rime
Character	書	信
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	傷魚切	息晉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨʌ/	/siɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɔ/	/sin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɔ/	/sjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨə̆/	/sin^H/
Li Rong	/ɕiɔ/	/siĕn^H/
Wang Li	/ɕĭo/	/sĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯wo/	/si̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shū	xìn

Noun

書信

letter; epistle; written message
messenger

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 信 (“letter”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		書信、信件、信函、書函
Mandarin	Beijing	信
	Taiwan	信
	Jinan	信
	Muping	信
	Luoyang	信
	Jiedian	信
	Xi'an	信
	Xining	信
	Xuzhou	信
	Yinchuan	信
	Lanzhou	信
	Ürümqi	信
	Wuhan	信
	Chengdu	信
	Guiyang	信
	Liuzhou	信
	Yangzhou	信
	Nanjing	信
	Hefei	信
Cantonese	Guangzhou	信
	Hong Kong	信
	Shunde	信
	Foshan	信
	Zhongshan	信
	Dongguan	信
	Taishan	信
	Doumen	信
	Kaiping	信
	Shaoguan	信
	Yunfu	信
	Yangjiang	信
	Xinyi	信
	Lianjiang	信
Gan	Nanchang	信
	Lichuan	信
	Pingxiang	信
Hakka	Meixian	信
	Yudu	信
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	信仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	信仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	信仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	信
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	信仔、信
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	批、信
Huizhou	Jixi	信
Jin	Taiyuan	信
Jin	Xinzhou	信
Min Bei	Jian'ou	信
Min Dong	Fuzhou	批
Min Dong	Matsu	批
Min Nan	Xiamen	批
	Quanzhou	批
	Zhangzhou	批
	Taipei	批
	Kaohsiung	批
	Tainan	批
	Taichung	批
	Hsinchu	批
	Lukang	批
	Sanxia	批
	Yilan	批
	Kinmen	批
	Magong	批
	Penang	批
	Singapore	批
	Chaozhou	信、批
	Haikou	信
	Leizhou	信
Puxian Min	Putian	批
Puxian Min	Xianyou	批
Pinghua	Nanning	信
Wu	Shanghai	信
	Suzhou	信
	Wenzhou	信
	Chongming	信
	Danyang	信
	Jinhua	信
	Ningbo	信
Xiang	Changsha	信
	Shuangfeng	信
	Loudi	信

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (書信):

Japanese: 書 (しょ)信 (しん) (shoshin)
Korean: 서신 (書信, seosin)
Vietnamese: thư tín (書信)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
書	信
しょ Grade: 2	しん Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

書信 (hiragana しょしん, rōmaji shoshin)

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