意識

See also: 意识

Chinese

		idea; meaning; wish idea; meaning; wish; desire; (abbr.) Italy	to record; write a footnote; to know to record; write a footnote; to know; knowledge
trad. (意識)		意	識
simp. (意识)		意	识

Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 意識 (いしき) (ishiki, “consciousness”), which was in turn a semantic readaptation of Chinese 意識／意识 (“awareness, discernment”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yìshí, yìshì

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ ㄕˊ, ㄧˋ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji³ sik¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi-sṳt
Min Nan (POJ): ì-sek / ì-siak / ì-sit

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: yìshí → yìshi (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ ㄕˊ → ㄧˋ ˙ㄕ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih.shy
  - IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/ → /i⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
  - Pinyin: yìshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ ㄕˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yihshyh
  - IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    意識／意识
    抑是
    易事
    異事／异事
    義士／义士
    藝事／艺事
    藝士／艺士
    譯釋／译释
    議事／议事
    軼事／轶事
    逸事
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji³ sik¹
  - Yale: yi sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji³ sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi³ xig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /jiː³³ sɪk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi-sṳt
  - Hakka Romanization System: i siid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴ sid⁵
  - IPA: /i⁵⁵ sɨt̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi-sṳt
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i siid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴ sid⁵
  - IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵ sɨt̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ì-sek
  - Tâi-lô: ì-sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ieseg
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²¹⁻⁴¹ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /i¹¹⁻⁵³ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /i²¹⁻⁵³ ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ì-siak
  - Tâi-lô: ì-siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iesiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɕiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ì-sit
  - Tâi-lô: ì-sit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iesid
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i²¹⁻⁵³ ɕit̚³²/

Noun

意識

consciousness; awareness; the mind; mentality
提高意識 / 提高意识 ― tígāo yìshí ― to raise awareness

加強文明意識 / 加强文明意识 ― jiāqiáng wénmíng yìshí ― to improve people's awareness of civilized behaviour

Verb

意識

(usually used with 到) to be conscious of; to be aware of; to awake to; to realize

Derived terms

下意識／下意识 (xiàyìshí)
前意識／前意识
危機意識／危机意识
同類意識／同类意识
團體意識／团体意识
女性意識／女性意识
思想意識／思想意识 (sīxiǎng yìshí)
意識到／意识到 (yìshídào)
意識型態／意识型态
意識形態／意识形态 (yìshí xíngtài)
意識歷程／意识历程
意識流／意识流 (yìshíliú)

意識障礙／意识障碍
憂患意識／忧患意识
有意識／有意识 (yǒuyìshí)
民族意識／民族意识
潛意識／潜意识 (qiányìshí)
潛意識歷程／潜意识历程
無意識／无意识 (wúyìshí)
社區意識／社区意识
社會意識／社会意识
自我意識／自我意识 (zìwǒ yìshí)
虛假意識／虚假意识 (xūjiǎ yìshí)
階級意識／阶级意识

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
意	識
い Grade: 3	しき Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 意識 (ʔiH syik)

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) いしき [íꜜshìkì] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA^(key): [iɕi̥kʲi]

Noun

意識 (hiragana いしき, rōmaji ishiki)

Compounds

無意識 (むいしき) (muishiki): unconscious, unconsciousness
潜在意識 (せんざいいしき) (senzai ishiki): the subconscious; a subconscious mind
自己意識 (じこいしき) (jiko ishiki): self-conscious, self-consciousness

Verb

意識する (transitive, hiragana いしきする, rōmaji ishiki suru)

be conscious
be aware

Conjugation

Conjugation of "意識する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	意識し	いしきし	ishiki shi
Continuative (連用形)	意識し	いしきし	ishiki shi
Terminal (終止形)	意識する	いしきする	ishiki suru
Attributive (連体形)	意識する	いしきする	ishiki suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	意識すれ	いしきすれ	ishiki sure
Imperative (命令形)	意識せよ¹ 意識しろ²	いしきせよ¹ いしきしろ²	ishiki seyo¹ ishiki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	意識される	いしきされる	ishiki sareru
Causative	意識させる意識さす	いしきさせるいしきさす	ishiki saseru ishiki sasu
Potential	意識できる	いしきできる	ishiki dekiru
Volitional	意識しよう	いしきしよう	ishiki shiyō
Negative	意識しない	いしきしない	ishiki shinai
Negative continuative	意識せず	いしきせず	ishiki sezu
Formal	意識します	いしきします	ishiki shimasu
Perfective	意識した	いしきした	ishiki shita
Conjunctive	意識して	いしきして	ishiki shite
Hypothetical conditional	意識すれば	いしきすれば	ishiki sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Descendants

Chinese: 意識／意识
Korean: 의식 (uisik)
Vietnamese: ý thức

Korean

Hanja in this term
意	識

Noun

意識 • (uisik, McCune-Reischauer: ŭisik, Yale: ūysik) (hangeul 의식)

Hanja form^? of 의식 (“consciousness”).

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