平和

Chinese

Etymology 1

		flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful	mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
simp. and trad. (平和)		平	和
anagram		和平

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pínghé

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ping⁴ wo⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phiàng-fò / phìn-fò
Min Dong (BUC): bìng-huò
Min Nan (POJ): pêng-hô / pêng-hô͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: pínghé
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄜˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngher
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ping⁴ wo⁴
  - Yale: pìhng wòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ping⁴ wo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ping⁴ wo⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ wɔː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phiàng-fò / phìn-fò
  - Hakka Romanization System: piangˇ foˇ / pinˇ foˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: piang² fo² / pin² fo²
  - IPA: /pʰi̯aŋ¹¹ fo¹¹/, /pʰin¹¹ fo¹¹/

Note: phiàng-fò - only "placid, polite".

Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bìng-huò
  - IPA ^(key): /piŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^(h-)ŋuo⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêng-hô
  - Tâi-lô: pîng-hô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: penghooi
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ho¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêng-hô͘
  - Tâi-lô: pîng-hôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: penghoo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/

Adjective

平和

having a mild temperament; polite
peaceful; placid
心境平和 ― xīnjìng pínghé ― peace of mind
harmonious; concordant

Proper noun

平和

(～縣) Pinghe (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

Etymology 2

	flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful	mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
simp. and trad. (平和)	平	和
alt. forms	平糊平胡
anagram	和平

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pínghú

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ping⁴ wu^4-2

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: pínghú
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynghwu
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ping⁴ wu^4-2
  - Yale: pìhng wú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ping⁴ wu^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: ping⁴ wu²
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹⁻³⁵/

Noun

平和

(mahjong) no points hand

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
平	和
へい Grade: 3	わ Grade: 3
on’yomi

First attested in the Meiji period.

Rearrangement of 和平 (wahei, “peace”), likely that 平 (hei) also means "flat", therefore switching the kanji meant "calm, equal + harmony → peace". (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) へーわ [hèéwá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [he̞ːɰᵝa̠]

Adjective

平和 (-na inflection, hiragana へいわ, rōmaji heiwa)

peaceful
平 (へい)和 (わ)な世界 (せかい)。
Heiwa na sekai.
A peaceful world.
calm

Inflection

Inflection of 平和

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	平和だろ	へいわだろ	heiwa daro
Continuative (連用形)	平和で	へいわで	heiwa de
Terminal (終止形)	平和だ	へいわだ	heiwa da
Attributive (連体形)	平和な	へいわな	heiwa na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	平和なら	へいわなら	heiwa nara
Imperative (命令形)	平和であれ	へいわであれ	heiwa de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	平和ではない平和じゃない	へいわではないへいわじゃない	heiwa de wa nai heiwa ja nai
Informal past	平和だった	へいわだった	heiwa datta
Informal negative past	平和ではなかった平和じゃなかった	へいわではなかったへいわじゃなかった	heiwa de wa nakatta heiwa ja nakatta
Formal	平和です	へいわです	heiwa desu
Formal negative	平和ではありません平和じゃありません	へいわではありませんへいわじゃありません	heiwa de wa arimasen heiwa ja arimasen
Formal past	平和でした	へいわでした	heiwa deshita
Formal negative past	平和ではありませんでした平和じゃありませんでした	へいわではありませんでしたへいわじゃありませんでした	heiwa de wa arimasen deshita heiwa ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	平和で	へいわで	heiwa de
Conditional	平和なら（ば）	へいわなら（ば）	heiwa nara (ba)
Provisional	平和だったら	へいわだったら	heiwa dattara
Volitional	平和だろう	へいわだろう	heiwa darō
Adverbial	平和に	へいわに	heiwa ni
Degree	平和さ	へいわさ	heiwasa

Noun

平和 (hiragana へいわ, rōmaji heiwa)

peace, a peaceful situation
何 (ど)処 (こ)かに平 (へい)和 (わ)が有 (あ)るならば、いつか花 (はな)も咲 (さ)く。
Doko ka ni heiwa ga aru nara ba, itsuka hana mo saku.
If there is peace, someday the flowers shall bloom.
calm, calmness

Derived terms

平 (へい)和 (わ)維 (い)持 (じ)活動 (かつどう) (heiwa iji katsudō)
平 (へい)和 (わ)維 (い)持 (じ)軍 (ぐん) (heiwa iji-gun)
平 (へい)和 (わ)運 (うん)動 (どう) (heiwa undō)
平 (へい)和 (わ)会 (かい)議 (ぎ) (heiwa kaigi)
平 (へい)和 (わ)学 (がく) (heiwa-gaku)
平 (へい)和 (わ)革命 (かくめい) (heiwa kakumei)
平 (へい)和 (わ)義 (ぎ)務 (む) (heiwa gimu)
平 (へい)和 (わ)共 (きょう)存 (そん) (heiwa kyōson)
平 (へい)和 (わ)祈 (き)念 (ねん)像 (ぞう) (Heiwa Kinen-zō)
平 (へい)和 (わ)研 (けん)究 (きゅう) (heiwa kenkyū)
平 (へい)和 (わ)憲 (けん)法 (ぽう) (Heiwa Kenpō)
平 (へい)和 (わ)公 (こう)園 (えん) (Heiwa Kōen)
平 (へい)和 (わ)産 (さん)業 (ぎょう) (heiwa sangyō)
平 (へい)和 (わ)主 (しゅ)義 (ぎ) (heiwa shugi)
平 (へい)和 (わ)条 (じょう)項 (こう) (heiwa jōkō)
平 (へい)和 (わ)条約 (じょうやく) (heiwa jōyaku)
平 (へい)和 (わ)宣 (せん)言 (げん) (Heiwa Sengen)
平 (へい)和 (わ)に対 (たい)する罪 (つみ) (heiwa ni tai suru tsumi)
平 (へい)和 (わ)の鐘 (かね) (Heiwa no Kane)
平 (へい)和 (わ)部隊 (ぶたい) (Heiwa Butai)
消極的 (しょうきょくてき)平 (へい)和 (わ) (shōkyoku-teki heiwa)
世 (せ)界 (かい)平 (へい)和 (わ) (sekai heiwa)
積極 (せっきょく)的 (てき)平 (へい)和 (わ) (sekkyoku-teki heiwa)
武 (ぶ)装 (そう)平 (へい)和 (わ) (busō heiwa)

Synonyms

平 (へい)安 (あん) (heian)
平 (へい)静 (せい) (heisei)

Anagrams

和 (わ)平 (へい) (wahei)

Proper noun

平和 (hiragana へいわ, rōmaji Heiwa)

a female given name.
a place name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
平	和
ぴん Grade: 3	ふ Grade: 3
Irregular

Borrowing from Chinese 平和 (pínghú).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) ピンフ [pìńfú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [pʲĩɰ̃ɸɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

平和 (katakana ピンフ, rōmaji pinfu, alternative reading ピンホー, rōmaji pinhō)

(mahjong) no points hand: a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) that does not have any of the following: triplets, quads, the player's seat wind, the prevailing wind, or dragons; and the winning tile completes a two-sided wait sequence; worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)

Derived terms

平 (ピン)和 (フ)自 (ツ)摸 (モ) (pinfu-tsumo)

References

1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
平	和

Noun

平和 • (pyeonghwa) (hangeul 평화)

Hanja form^? of 평화 (“peace”).

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[DJR-1] 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-2] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN