儒

儒	U+5112, 儒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5112

← 儑
[U+5111]

CJK Unified Ideographs

儓 →
[U+5113]

Translingual

Han character

儒 (radical 9 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人一月月 (OMBB), four-corner 2122₇, composition ⿰亻需)

Derived characters

𡃽, 𮒯

References

KangXi: page 119, character 30
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1220
Dae Jaweon: page 253, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 230, character 9
Unihan data for U+5112

Chinese

simp. and trad.		儒
alt. forms		⿰亻入 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 儒

**Small seal script**
s05667

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L30678	L30679	L30680	L03118	L03119	L03120	L03121	L03111
L03112	L03113	L03114	L03115	L03116	L03117

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (需) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
羺	*noː
獳	*noː
擩	noːs, njoʔ, njos, njul, *njod
譳	*noːs
懦	noːls, njo
糯	*noːls
需	*sno
繻	sno, njo
鑐	*sno
儒	*njo
濡	njo, noːn
襦	*njo
嚅	*njo
顬	*njo
鱬	*njo
嬬	*njo
臑	*njo
醹	njo, njoʔ
蠕	*njo
孺	*njos

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rú (ru²)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yì
Min Bei (KCR): ṳ̌
Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̀
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lû / jû / jî

(Teochew, Peng'im): ru⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): zr (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rú
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ju²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ru
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyu⁴
  - Yale: yùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
  - Hakka Romanization System: iˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
  - IPA: /i¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
  - IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
  - IPA ^(key): /y²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
  - IPA ^(key): /y⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû
  - Tâi-lô: lû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: luu
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /lu²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû
  - Tâi-lô: jû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: juu
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî
  - Tâi-lô: jî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jii
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑi¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ru⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jû
  - IPA ^(key): /d͡zu⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zr (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /z̻z̩²³/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 儒
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐu³⁵/
	Harbin	/lu²¹³/ /ʐu²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ʐu⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/lu⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/y⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐu⁴²/
	Xi'an	/vu²⁴/
	Xining	/v̩²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʐu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vu⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʐu⁵¹/ /vu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/y²¹³/
	Chengdu	/zu³¹/
	Guiyang	/zu²¹/
	Kunming	/ʐu²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʐu²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʐu²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ʐu⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/zz̩²³/
	Suzhou	/zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩ʷ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/y⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/y⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/y¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/y¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɵ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/i¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒï¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jy²¹/
	Nanning	/y²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jy²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/lu³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/y⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/y²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/zu⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/zu³¹/ /zi³¹/

Middle Chinese: /ȵɨo/▼

Rime
Character	儒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	人朱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵio/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuə̆/
Li Rong	/ȵio/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rú

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*no/

(Zhengzhang): /*njo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	儒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rú
Middle Chinese	‹ nyu ›
Old Chinese	/*no/
English	侏儒 zhūrú "dwarf", scholar, Confucianism (not in original list)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	儒
Reading #	1/1
No.	13969
Phonetic component	需
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	儒
Old Chinese	/*njo/

Definitions

儒

Compounds

世儒
侏儒 (zhūrú)
侏儒症 (zhūrúzhèng)
侏儒觀戰／侏儒观战
俗儒
俚儒
僻儒
儒冠
儒士
儒學／儒学 (rúxué)
儒宗
儒家 (Rújiā)
儒將／儒将
儒巾
儒教 (rújiào)
儒林 (rúlín)
儒林外史 (Rúlín Wàishǐ)
儒業／儒业
儒生 (rúshēng)
儒略曆／儒略历 (rúlüèlì)
儒者 (rúzhě)
儒艮 (rúgèn)
儒術／儒术 (rúshù)
儒醫／儒医 (rúyī)

儒雅 (rúyǎ)
儒風／儒风
先儒
八儒
博學鴻儒／博学鸿儒
名儒 (míngrú)
坑儒
夙儒
大儒
宋儒
宏儒碩學／宏儒硕学
宿儒
宿學舊儒／宿学旧儒
崇儒
拘儒
拘拘儒儒
散儒
新儒學／新儒学
溫文儒雅／温文儒雅
焚書坑儒／焚书坑儒 (fénshūkēngrú)
燔書坑儒／燔书坑儒
犬儒學派／犬儒学派
瑰儒
當世儒宗／当世儒宗

盜儒／盗儒
瞀儒
碩儒／硕儒
碩學通儒／硕学通儒
碩彥名儒／硕彦名儒
穴見小儒／穴见小儒
章句儒
老儒
老師宿儒／老师宿儒
耆儒
耆儒碩德／耆儒硕德
耆儒碩望／耆儒硕望
耆儒碩老／耆儒硕老
腐儒
英儒
豎儒／竖儒
賈儒商秀／贾儒商秀
迂儒
通儒 (tōngrú)
醇儒
陋儒
陽儒陰釋／阳儒阴释
風流儒雅／风流儒雅
鴻儒／鸿儒

Japanese

Kanji

儒

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Goon: にゅう (nyū)
Kan’on: じゅ (ju, Jōyō)
Kun: やわらか (yawaraka); うるおす (uruosu); したがう (shitagau)

Compounds

儒学 (じゅがく) (jugaku)
儒 (じゅ)教 (きょう) (jukyō)

Korean

Hanja

儒 • (yu) (hangeul 유)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

儒 (nho, nhu, nhô)

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