あれ
Japanese
Etymology 1
The long form of 我 (a). Compound of 我 (a) and suffix れ (re).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Pronoun
あれ (rōmaji are)
- 我: (archaic) first-person personal pronoun; I, me
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 808)
- 多都乃麻乎 阿礼波毛等米牟 阿遠尓与志 奈良乃美夜古迩 許牟比等乃多仁
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3361)
- 安思我良能 乎弖毛許乃母尓 佐須和奈乃 可奈流麻之豆美 許呂安礼比毛等久
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 15, poem 3585)
- 和伎母故我 之多尓毛伎余等 於久理多流 許呂母能比毛乎 安礼等可米也母
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 17, poem 3932)
- 須麻比等乃 海辺都祢佐良受 夜久之保能 可良吉恋乎母 安礼波須流香物
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 18, poem 4058)
- 多知婆奈能 登乎能多知婆奈 夜都代尓母 安礼波和須礼自 許乃多知婆奈乎
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4298)
- 霜上尓 安良礼多婆之里 伊夜麻之尓 安礼波麻為許牟 年緒奈我久 古今未詳
- c. 1001–1014, Genji Monogatari (Yume no Ukihashi)
- […] と、聞こえ動かして、几帳のもとに、おし寄せたてまつりたれば、あれにもあらず、居給へるけはい […]
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 808)
Etymology 2
From older kare → are.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
あれ (rōmaji are)
- 彼れ: (deictically) that one over there (far from the speaker and the addressee)
- 彼れ: (anaphorically) that one we both know (both the speaker and the addressee know)
Usage notes
- Indicates something far off, removed from both speaker and addressee. Contrast with sore, indicating something removed from the speaker but closer to the addressee.
Alternative forms
See also
Japanese demonstratives
| ko- “this” (close to speaker) |
so- “that” (close to listener) |
a- “that over there” (far from both) |
do- “which” (indeterminate, question) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Object | これ (kore) | それ (sore) | あれ (are) | どれ (dore) |
| これら (korera) | それら (sorera) | あれら (arera) | — | |
| Determiner | この (kono) | その (sono) | あの (ano) | どの (dono) |
| これらの (korera no) | それらの (sorera no) | あれらの (arera no) | — | |
| Kind | こんな (konna) | そんな (sonna) | あんな (anna) | どんな (donna) |
| Place | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あそこ (asoko)* | どこ (doko) |
| Direction | こちら (kochira) | そちら (sochira) | あちら (achira) | どちら (dochira) |
| こっち (kotchi) | そっち (sotchi) | あっち (atchi) | どっち (dotchi) | |
| Human | こいつ (koitsu) | そいつ (soitsu) | あいつ (aitsu) | どいつ (doitsu) |
| Manner | こう (kō) | そう (sō) | ああ (ā)** | どう (dō) |
| * irregular ** regular (long vowel) | ||||
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Interjection
あれ (rōmaji are)
- huh? (expression of surprise and confusion)
See also
Etymology 4
The nomalized form of the verb 荒れる (are-).
Pronunciation
Noun
あれ (rōmaji are)
References
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, →ISBN.
- Yamagishi, Tokuhei (1963) Koten Bungaku Taikei 14: Genji Monogatari 5 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
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