स्थान

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्थान (sthāna). Compare with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀‎ (stāna-) and Persian (-estân).

Doublet of थाना (thānā), a tadbhava.

Noun

स्थान • (sthān) m (Urdu spelling ستھان‎)

place, site, location
उसका उपहार गुप्त स्थान में है।
uskā uphār gupt sthān mẽ hai.
His gift is at a secret location.
room
यहाँ तुम्हारे लिए स्थान नहीं है।
yahā̃ tumhāre lie sthān nahī̃ hai.
There is no room for you here.

Synonyms

जगह (jagah)

References

Bahri, Hardev (1989), “स्थान”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons
Platts, John T. (1884), “स्थान”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & co.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्थान (sthāna).

Noun

स्थान • (sthān) n

place, position, location
Synonym: जागा (j̈āgā)
status

References

Maxine Berntsen (1982-1983), “स्थान”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
James Thomas Molesworth (1857), “स्थान”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stʰáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-no-m, from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀‎ (stāna), Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /stāna/), Persian (-estân, “place”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /s̪t̪ʰɑ́ː.n̪ɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪t̪ʰɑː.n̪ɐ/

Noun

स्थान • (sthā́na) n

the act of standing, standing firmly, being fixed or stationary
position or posture of the body (in shooting etc.)
staying, abiding, being in or on (in locative or compound)
storing-place or storage (of goods)
firm bearing (of troops), sustaining a charge (as opposed to युद्ध (yuddha, “charging”))
state, condition (at the end of compound = "being in the state of")
continued existence, continuance in the same state (i.e. in a kind of neutral state unmarked by loss or gain), continuing as or as long as (with instrumental)
a state of perfect tranquility
station, rank, office, appointment, dignity, degree
place of standing or staying, any place, spot, locality, abode, dwelling, house, site
स्थाने स्थाने (sthāne sthāne) or स्थाने स्थानेषु (sthāne sthāneṣu) — in different places; here and there
- RV 7.70.3
यानि सथानान्यश्विना दधाथे दिवो यह्वीष्वोषधीषु विक्षु |

नि पर्वतस्य मूर्धनि सदन्तेषं जनाय दाशुषेवहन्ता ||

चनिष्टं देवा ओषधीष्वप्सु यद योग्या अश्नवैथे रषीणाम |
yāni sthānānyaśvinā dadhāthe divo yahvīṣvoṣadhīṣu vikṣu |

ni parvatasya mūrdhani sadanteṣaṃ janāya dāśuṣevahantā ||

caniṣṭaṃ devā oṣadhīṣvapsu yad yoghyā aśnavaithe ṛṣīṇām |
Whatever dwellings ye possess, O Aśvins, in fields of men or in the streams of heaven,

Resting upon the summit of the mountain, or bringing food to him who gives oblation,

Delight yourselves, ye Gods, in plants and waters when Ṛṣis give them and ye find they suit You.
place or room, stead
स्थाने (sthā́ne) (with genitive or at the end of compound) — in place of, instead of, in lieu of

रिपुस्थानेवर्तते (ripu-sthāne-√vṛt) — to act in the place of an enemy

विलोचनस्थ्āनगत (vilocana-sthāna-gata) — acting the part of eyes
(at the end of a compound) "taking the place of", "acting as", "representing" or "represented by"
पितृस्थान (pitṛ́-sthāna) — acting as a father; represented by a father

इयङुवङ्स्थान (iyaṅ-uvaṅ-sthāna) — represented by 'iy' or 'uv'' (as ī and ū, Pāṇini 1-4, 4)
in Pāṇini's grammar the genitive case is often used alone, when the word sthāne has to be supplied:
हन्तेर् जः (hanter jaḥ) — ज (ja) is to be substituted in place of हन् (han)
place for, receptacle of (+ genitive)
proper or right place
स्थाने (sthā́ne) — in the right place or at the right time, seasonably, justly
province, region, domain, sphere (of gods or virtuous men; said to be in one of three places, namely "earth" or "atmosphere" or "heaven"; according to some that of virtuous Brahmins is called प्राजापत्य (prājāpatya); of Kshatriyas, ऐन्द्र (aindra); of Vaishyas, मारुत (māruta); of Shudras, गान्धर्व (gāndharva))
the main support or strength or chief constituent of a kingdom (said to be four, namely "army", "treasury", "city", "territory")
a stronghold, fortress
the place or organ of utterance of any sound (said to be 8 in number, namely कण्ठ (kaṇṭha, “throat”); तालु (tālu, “palate”); मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, “top of palate”); दन्त (danta, “teeth”); ओष्ठ (oṣṭha, “lips”); कण्ठतालु (kaṇṭha-tālu, “throat and palate”); कण्ठोष्ठ (kaṇṭh-oṣṭha, “throat and lips”); दन्तोष्ठ (dant-oṣṭha, “teeth and lips”); to which are added नासिका (nāsikā, “nose”), said to be the place of utterance of true anusvāra, and उरस् (uras, “chest”), of visarga)
any organ of sense (e.g. the eye)
the pitch or key of the voice, note, tone (of which according to Rigveda-Pratishakhya there are three (see मन्द्र (mandra)), or according to Taittirīya-Pratishakya, seven)
वीना च्युता स्थानात् (vīnā cyutā sthānāt) — a lute out of tune
shape, form, appearance (as of the moon)
the part or character of an actor
case, occurrence
नेदं स्थानं विद्यते (ne-daṃ sthānaṃ vidyate) — this case does not occur
occasion, opportunity for (genitive or compound)
स्थाने (sthāne) — occasionally
cause or object of (genitive or compound)
शुल्कस्थान (śulka-sthāna) — an object of toll

पूजास्थान (pūjā-sthāna), मान्यस्थान (mānya-sthāna) — an object of honour; also applied to persons

स्थाने (sthāne) — because of, on account of
a section or division (e.g. of medicine)
(astrology) a mansion or its subdivision
= कार्योत्सर्ग (kāryo-tsarga)
an open place in a town, plain, square
a holy place
an altar
name of a Gandharva king

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of स्थान (sthā́na)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	स्थानम् sthā́nam	स्थाने sthā́ne	स्थानानि / स्थाना¹ sthā́nāni / sthā́nā¹
Vocative	स्थान sthā́na	स्थाने sthā́ne	स्थानानि / स्थाना¹ sthā́nāni / sthā́nā¹
Accusative	स्थानम् sthā́nam	स्थाने sthā́ne	स्थानानि / स्थाना¹ sthā́nāni / sthā́nā¹
Instrumental	स्थानेन sthā́nena	स्थानाभ्याम् sthā́nābhyām	स्थानैः / स्थानेभिः¹ sthā́naiḥ / sthā́nebhiḥ¹
Dative	स्थानाय sthā́nāya	स्थानाभ्याम् sthā́nābhyām	स्थानेभ्यः sthā́nebhyaḥ
Ablative	स्थानात् sthā́nāt	स्थानाभ्याम् sthā́nābhyām	स्थानेभ्यः sthā́nebhyaḥ
Genitive	स्थानस्य sthā́nasya	स्थानयोः sthā́nayoḥ	स्थानानाम् sthā́nānām
Locative	स्थाने sthā́ne	स्थानयोः sthā́nayoḥ	स्थानेषु sthā́neṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Compounds

Terms derived from स्थान (sthāna)

स्थानचञ्चला (sthānacañcalā)
स्थानचतुर्विधश्लोक (sthānacaturvidhaśloka)
स्थानचिन्तक (sthānacintaka)
स्थानच्युत (sthānacyuta)
स्थानतस् (sthānatas)
स्थानता (sthānatā)
स्थानत्याग (sthānatyāga)
स्थानत्व (sthānatva)
स्थानदातृ (sthānadātṛ)
स्थानदीप्त (sthānadīpta)
स्थानपत (sthānapata)
स्थानपति (sthānapati)
स्थानपात (sthānapāta)
स्थानपाल (sthānapāla)
स्थानप्रच्युत (sthānapracyuta)
स्थानप्राप्ति (sthānaprāpti)
स्थानभङ्ग (sthānabhaṅga)

स्थानभूमि (sthānabhūmi)
स्थानभ्रंश (sthānabhraṃśa)
स्थानभ्रष्ट (sthānabhraṣṭa)
स्थानमाहात्म्य (sthānamāhātmya)
स्थानमृग (sthānamṛga)
स्थानयोग (sthānayoga)
स्थानयोगिन् (sthānayogin)
स्थानरक्षक (sthānarakṣaka)
स्थानवत् (sthānavat)
स्थानविद् (sthānavid)
स्थानविभाग (sthānavibhāga)
स्थानवीरासन (sthānavīrāsana)
स्थानस्थ (sthānastha)
स्थानस्थान (sthānasthāna)
स्थानस्थित (sthānasthita)
स्थानाङ्ग (sthānāṅga)
स्थानाधिकार (sthānādhikāra)

स्थानाधिपति (sthānādhipati)
स्थानाध्यक्ष (sthānādhyakṣa)
स्थानान्त (sthānānta)
स्थानान्तर (sthānāntara)
स्थानान्तरगत (sthānāntaragata)
स्थानान्तराभिमुख (sthānāntarābhimukha)
स्थानान्यत्व (sthānānyatva)
स्थानापत्ति (sthānāpatti)
स्थानापन्न (sthānāpanna)
स्थानाभाव (sthānābhāva)
स्थानाश्रय (sthānāśraya)
स्थानासन (sthānāsana)
स्थानासनविहारवत् (sthānāsanavihāravat)
स्थानासनिक (sthānāsanika)
स्थानासेध (sthānāsedha)
स्थानास्थानज्ञानबल (sthānāsthānajñānabala)

References

Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 1263

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