živeti

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

(Ijekavian): žívjeti

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic (compare Slovene živeti, Bulgarian живея (živéja), Old Church Slavonic жити (žiti)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeih₃w- (“to live”). Cognate to Lithuanian gyventi, Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati), Latin vīvō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʒǐːʋeti/
Hyphenation: ži‧ve‧ti

Verb

žíveti impf (Cyrillic spelling жи́вети)

(intransitive) to live, exist, be alive
(intransitive) to dwell, reside

Conjugation

Conjugation of živeti

Infinitive: živeti		Present verbal adverb: žívēći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: žívljēnje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		živim	živiš	živi	živimo	živite	žive
Future	Future I	živet ću¹ živeću	živet ćeš¹ živećeš	živet će¹ živeće	živet ćemo¹ živećemo	živet ćete¹ živećete	živet će¹ živeće
Future	Future II	budem živeo²	budeš živeo²	bude živeo²	budemo živeli²	budete živeli²	budu živeli²
Past	Perfect	živeo sam²	živeo si²	živeo je²	živeli smo²	živeli ste²	živeli su²
	Pluperfect³	bio sam živeo²	bio si živeo²	bio je živeo²	bili smo živeli²	bili ste živeli²	bili su živeli²
	Imperfect	življah	življaše	življaše	življasmo	življaste	življahu
Conditional I		živeo bih²	živeo bi²	živeo bi²	živeli bismo²	živeli biste²	živeli bi²
Conditional II		bio bih živeo²	bio bi živeo²	bio bi živeo²	bili bismo živeli²	bili biste živeli²	bili bi živeli²
Imperative		—	živi	—	živimo	živite	—
Active past participle		živeo m / živela f / živelo n			živeli m / živele f / živela n
¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. ² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. ³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. * Note: The aorist and imperfect have nowadays fallen into disuse and as such they are found only in literary texts; routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

dožíveti
ižíveti
nadžíveti
nažíveti
odžíveti
ožíveti

požíveti
prežíveti
prožíveti
sažíveti
užíveti
zažíveti
živeli

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic (compare Serbo-Croatian živeti, Bulgarian живея (živéja), Old Church Slavonic жити (žiti)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeih₃w- (“to live”). Cognate to Lithuanian gyventi, Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati), Latin vīvō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʒiˈʋeːti/
Hyphenation: ži‧vé‧ti

Verb

živéti impf (first-person singular present živím, past active participle žível)

live (be alive)
to reside

Conjugation

Conjugation of živéti

participles	adjectival	adverbial
infinitive	živéti
supine	živèt, živét
verbal noun	—
present active	—	—
past active	žível	—
past passive	živét	—
	present indicative	imperative
1st singular	živím	—
2nd singular	živíš	žívi
3rd singular	živí	—
1st dual	živíva	živíva
2nd dual	živíta	živíta
3rd dual	živíta	—
1st plural	živímo	živímo
2nd plural	živíte	živíte
3rd plural	živíjo, živé	—
Compound tenses (see žível for all forms)
past indic.	sem žível
pluperfect indic.	sem bil žível
future indic.	bom žível
present cond.	bi žível
past cond.	bi bil žível

Related terms

življênje

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