mana
English
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Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmɑː.nə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmɑ.nə/, /ˈmæ-/
- (General New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈmʌ.nʌ/, /ˈma-/
- Rhymes: -ɑːnə
- Hyphenation: ma‧na
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Maori mana, ultimately from Proto-Polynesian *mana.
Noun
mana (usually uncountable, plural manas)
- Power, prestige; specifically, a form of supernatural energy in Polynesian religion that inheres in things or people. [from 19th c.]
- 1862 January 25, Thomas H. Smith, “No. 4: Second Report from T. H. Smith, Esq., R.M.”, in Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives of New Zealand. From the Seventh Day of July to the Fifteenth Day of September, 1862 both Days Inclusive. In the Twenty-sixth Day of the Reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. Being the Second Session of the Third Parliament of New Zealand, Wellington: Printed by W. C. Wilson for the House of Representatives, at the printing office, Shortland Crescent, Auckland, OCLC 276727197, pages 10 and 12:
- [page 10] I have the honor to report, for the information of the Government, the result of my visit to Maketu and the Lake District, and the preliminary arrangements made for introducing the new system of Government for the Natives. […] [page 12] They further required that a certain number of the old Chiefs should be liberally pensioned by the Government, and placed upon a footing of equality with European gentlemen of independent means, in consideration of their resigning their "mana" as Chiefs in favor of the new system; […]
- 1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in 16th and 17th Century England, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, OCLC 71368859; republished London: Folio Society, 2012, OCLC 805007047, page 193:
- But in popular estimation their essential virtue derived from the personal mana of the sovereign.
- 1999, Pat Hohepa, “My Musket, My Missionary and My Mana”, in Alex Calder, Jonathan Lamb, and Bridget Orr, editors, Voyages and Beaches: Pacific Encounters, 1769–1840, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, page 197:
- It can be seen, therefore, that mana is a nonvisible changing measure; it can remain static, increase, or decrease, depending on the actions or inaction of the recipient, and it can be enhanced or diminished. […] One can speak of the mana of a warrior, the mana of a woman leader, the mana of a child prodigy.
- 2001 September, Aldo Matteucci, “Language and Diplomacy – A Practitioner's View”, in Jovan Kurbalija and Hannah Slavik, editors, Language and Diplomacy, Malta: DiploProjects, Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies, University of Malta, →ISBN, page 61:
- Among the Maori sovereignty was the result of mana—power based on hereditary rank and personal achievement. Manas could coexist and overlap, as they did in the medieval times in Europe.
- 2012, Harold Hill, “Te Ope Whakaora, the Army that Brings Life: The Salvation Army and Māori”, in Hugh [Douglas] Morrison, Lachy Paterson, Brett Knowles, and Murray Rae, editors, Mana Māori and Christianity, Wellington: Huia Publishers, →ISBN:
- On a number of occasions in recent years apologies have been offered to Māori because of past offences to their mana and invasions of their rights as tangata whenua.
-
- (fantasy role-playing games) Magical power.
- 2003 May 20, “Bear”, “Makes Lovely Julienne Ogres …”, in rec.games.roguelike.angband, Usenet, message-ID <3EC9C629.4DF117C@sonic.net>:
- […] Teleporting from an open room where there were a dozen black orcs firing bows […] landed me, low on mana and hitpoints, in a room full of gnome mages who instantly summoned four umber hulks and a xorn!
- 2010, Ernest Adams, “Artifical Life and Puzzle Games”, in Fundamentals of Game Design, 2nd edition, Berkeley, Calif.: New Riders, →ISBN, page 580:
- Mana often grows in exponential proportion to population size, so as the population increases the player acquires vastly greater powers—a progression that god games share with spellcaster characters in role-playing games.
-
Etymology 2
Noun
mana (plural manas)
- Alternative form of mina (“ancient unit of weight or currency”).
Etymology 3
Noun
mana (plural manas)
- Alternative spelling of manna.
Further reading
Anagrams
Bassa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mana]
Verb
mana
- to swallow
References
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Catalan
Pronunciation
Interjection
mana
Synonyms
Verb
mana
- third-person singular present indicative form of manar
- second-person singular imperative form of manar
Czech
Noun
mana
Declension
Denya
Noun
mànǎ
Further reading
- Tanyi Eyong Mbuagbaw, The Denya Noun Class System, in the Journal of West African Languages
Finnish
Etymology 1
Noun
mana
Declension
| Inflection of mana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | mana | manat | |
| genitive | manan | manojen | |
| partitive | manaa | manoja | |
| illative | manaan | manoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | mana | manat | |
| accusative | nom. | mana | manat |
| gen. | manan | ||
| genitive | manan | manojen manainrare | |
| partitive | manaa | manoja | |
| inessive | manassa | manoissa | |
| elative | manasta | manoista | |
| illative | manaan | manoihin | |
| adessive | manalla | manoilla | |
| ablative | manalta | manoilta | |
| allative | manalle | manoille | |
| essive | manana | manoina | |
| translative | manaksi | manoiksi | |
| instructive | — | manoin | |
| abessive | manatta | manoitta | |
| comitative | — | manoineen | |
Synonyms
Derived terms
- nouns: manala
- verbs: manata, mennä manalle, mennä manan majoille
Etymology 2
Noun
mana
Anagrams
Hadza
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mana/
Noun
mana
- meat
- manako unîko
- tasty meat
Hawaiian
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *mana.
Noun
mana
- religious power
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmaːna/
- Rhymes: -aːna
Etymology 1
Verb
mana (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative manaði, supine manað)
- to dare (someone to do something)
Conjugation
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að mana | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
manað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
manandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég mana | við mönum | present (nútíð) |
ég mani | við mönum |
| þú manar | þið manið | þú manir | þið manið | ||
| hann, hún, það manar | þeir, þær, þau mana | hann, hún, það mani | þeir, þær, þau mani | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég manaði | við mönuðum | past (þátíð) |
ég manaði | við mönuðum |
| þú manaðir | þið mönuðuð | þú manaðir | þið mönuðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það manaði | þeir, þær, þau mönuðu | hann, hún, það manaði | þeir, þær, þau mönuðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
mana (þú) | manið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| manaðu | maniði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að manast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
manast | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
manandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég manast | við mönumst | present (nútíð) |
ég manist | við mönumst |
| þú manast | þið manist | þú manist | þið manist | ||
| hann, hún, það manast | þeir, þær, þau manast | hann, hún, það manist | þeir, þær, þau manist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég manaðist | við mönuðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég manaðist | við mönuðumst |
| þú manaðist | þið mönuðust | þú manaðist | þið mönuðust | ||
| hann, hún, það manaðist | þeir, þær, þau mönuðust | hann, hún, það manaðist | þeir, þær, þau mönuðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
manast (þú) | manist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| manastu | manisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
manaður | mönuð | manað | manaðir | manaðar | mönuð | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
manaðan | manaða | manað | manaða | manaðar | mönuð | |
| dative (þágufall) |
mönuðum | manaðri | mönuðu | mönuðum | mönuðum | mönuðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
manaðs | manaðrar | manaðs | manaðra | manaðra | manaðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
manaði | manaða | manaða | mönuðu | mönuðu | mönuðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
manaða | mönuðu | manaða | mönuðu | mönuðu | mönuðu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
manaða | mönuðu | manaða | mönuðu | mönuðu | mönuðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
manaða | mönuðu | manaða | mönuðu | mönuðu | mönuðu | |
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English mana, from a Polynesian language.
Noun
mana n (genitive singular mana, no plural)
Declension
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ma.na/
Adverb
mana
Derived terms
Irish
Noun
mana m (genitive singular mana, nominative plural manaí)
Declension
Fourth declension
|
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| mana | mhana | not applicable |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- "mana" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
Italiot Greek
Noun
mana f
- (Italiot Dialect) mother
Japanese
Romanization
mana
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmaː.naː/
Verb
mānā
- first-person singular present active imperative of mānō
Latvian
Pronoun
mana
Verb
mana
- 3rd person singular present indicative form of manīt
- 3rd person plural present indicative form of manīt
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of manīt
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of manīt
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /manə/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /mana/
- Rhymes: -anə, -nə, -ə
Adverb
mana
Usage notes
Only comes in the following form di mana (“at, in where”), ke mana (“to where”) and yang mana (“which one”).
Maori
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *mana.
Noun
mana
- power; mana
- 2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters, page 208:
- In 1979 a gathering of elders at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana.
- 2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters, page 208:
Descendants
- → English: mana
Neapolitan
Etymology
Noun
mana f
Northern Sami
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈmana/
Verb
mana
- inflection of mannat:
- present indicative connegative
- second-person singular imperative
- imperative connegative
Portuguese
Noun
mana f (plural manas)
- (colloquial, familiar) sister
Quechua
Particle
mana
See also
Rapa Nui
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *mana.
Noun
mana
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *mana.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mǎːna/
- Hyphenation: ma‧na
- Rhymes: -ǎːna
Noun
mána f (Cyrillic spelling ма́на)
Declension
Derived terms
- verbs: manisati
Etymology 2
From Latin manna, from Ancient Greek μάννα (mánna), from Hebrew מן (mān, “'manna”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mâna/
- Hyphenation: ma‧na
Noun
mȁna f (Cyrillic spelling ма̏на)
Declension
Etymology 3
Borrowed from English mana, itself from a Polynesian source.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mâna/
- Hyphenation: ma‧na
Noun
mȁna f (Cyrillic spelling ма̏на)
Declension
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmana/
Verb
mana
- Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of manar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of manar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present indicative form of manar.
Swedish
Verb
mana (present manar, preterite manade, supine manat, imperative mana)
Conjugation
See also
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈma.na/
Noun
mana
Verb
mana (infinitive magmana)
- to inherit
Tahitian
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *mana.
Noun
mana
Tongan
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *mana.
Noun
mana
Turkish
Etymology
Noun
mânâ (definite accusative manayı, plural manalar)
Declension
| Inflection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | mana | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | manayı | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nominative | mana | manalar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | manayı | manaları | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dative | manaya | manalara | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Locative | manada | manalarda | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ablative | manadan | manalardan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | mananın | manaların | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms
Volapük
Noun
mana
- genitive singular of man
Yawa
Noun
mana
References
- Andrew Pawley, Papuan Pasts: Cultural, Linguistic and Biological Histories of Papuan-Speaking Peoples (2005)