liath

See also: líath

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish líath, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlētos (compare Welsh llwyd, Cornish loys, Breton loued), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“grey”) (compare English fallow).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈl̠ʲiə/

Adjective

liath (genitive singular masculine léith, genitive singular feminine léithe, plural liatha, comparative léithe)

grey
light blue
grey-haired
Proverb:
Is minic duine liath lúfar. ― Grey hairs need not signify old age.

Declension

Declension of liath

Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Nominative	liath	liath	liatha
Vocative	léith	liath	liatha
Genitive	léith	liathe	liatha	liath
Dative	liath	liath; léith (archaic)	liatha
Comparative	níos liathe
Superlative	is liathe

Derived terms

Terms derived from liath

arán liath (“mouldy bread”)
bainne liath (“watery milk”)
béar liath (“grizzly bear”)
ceannliath (“grey-headed, grey-haired”)

cromán liath (“Montagu's harrier”)
dúliath (“dark grey”)
líne liath, véarsa liath (“stray line, verse; line or verse incorporated from an older composition”)

manach liath (“grey monk, Cistercian”)
scothliath (“greyish”)
sioc liath (“hoar-frost”)

Noun

liath m (genitive singular léith, nominative plural liatha)

grey (colour)
grey-haired person; grey horse

Declension

Declension of liath

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	liath	liatha
Vocative	a léith	a liatha
Genitive	léith	liath
Dative	liath	liatha

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an liath	na liatha
Genitive	an léith	na liath
Dative	leis an liath don liath	leis na liatha

Noun

liath f (genitive singular léithe)

grey cow

Declension

Declension of liath

Second declension

Bare forms

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	liath	liatha
Vocative	a liath	a liatha
Genitive	léithe	liath
Dative	liath	liatha

Forms with the definite article

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an liath	na liatha
Genitive	na léithe	na liath
Dative	leis an liath don liath	leis na liatha

Verb

liath (present analytic liathann, future analytic liathfaidh, verbal noun liathadh, past participle liata)

(transitive, intransitive) grey
1. (intransitive) turn grey; become faded
2. (transitive) give someone grey hairs, wear someone out; colour water, tea (with milk)

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
indicative	present	liathaim	liathann tú; liathair^†	liathann sé, sí	liathaimid	liathann sibh	liathann siad; liathaid^†	a liathann; a liathas	liatar
	past	liath mé; liathas	liath tú; liathais	liath sé, sí	liathamar; liath muid	liath sibh; liathabhair	liath siad; liathadar	a liath / ar liath*	liathadh
	past habitual	liathainn	liatá	liathadh sé, sí	liathaimis; liathadh muid	liathadh sibh	liathaidís; liathadh siad	a liathadh / ar liathadh*	liataí
	future	liathfaidh mé; liathfad	liathfaidh tú; liathfair^†	liathfaidh sé, sí	liathfaimid; liathfaidh muid	liathfaidh sibh	liathfaidh siad; liathfaid^†	a liathfaidh; a liathfas	liathfar
conditional		liathfainn	liathfá	liathfadh sé, sí	liathfaimis; liathfadh muid	liathfadh sibh	liathfaidís; liathfadh siad	a liathfadh / ar liathfadh*	liathfaí
subjunctive	present	go liatha mé; go liathad^†	go liatha tú; go liathair^†	go liatha sé, sí	go liathaimid; go liatha muid	go liatha sibh	go liatha siad; go liathaid^†	—	go liatar
subjunctive	past	dá liathainn	dá liatá	dá liathadh sé, sí	dá liathaimis; dá liathadh muid	dá liathadh sibh	dá liathaidís; dá liathadh siad	—	dá liataí
imperative		liathaim	liath	liathadh sé, sí	liathaimis	liathaigí; liathaidh^†	liathaidís	—	liatar
verbal noun		liathadh
past participle		liata

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form

References

"liath" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
“líath” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish líath, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlētos, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“grey”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʎiə/

Adjective

liath (comparative lèithe)

grey, grey-coloured
grey-headed, grey-haired
mouldy
lilac
pale
(dyeing) pale or bright blue

Derived terms

Terms derived from liath

aois-liath (“hoary, aged”, adjective)
athair-liath m (“garden sage; mountain sage”)
boinne-liath f (“foreshot, first drops of whisky distilled”)
breac-liath, bric-liath, glas-liath (“greyish”, adjective)
buidh-liath (“pale yellow”, adjective)
càl liath-ghlas m (“white goose-foot”)
ceann-liath (“grey-headed; grey-haired”, adjective)
ceinn-liath (“grey-headed”, adjective)

clòimh-liath f (“mildew, mould”)
cluas-liath f (“colt's foot; mouse-ear, hawkweed”)
craobh-liath-ghorm f (“lilac tree”)
dubh-liath (“ash-coloured, dark grey”, adjective)
eun-liath m (“black grouse”)
gormag-liath f (“coltsfoot”)
lach-liath f (“long-tailed duck”)
liath-bhàine f (“paleness”)

liath-bhàn (“pale”, adjective)
liath-bhrochan m (“thick gruel made of milk and meal, well boiled with a piece of butter in it”)
liath-bhuidhe (“tawny”, adjective)
liath-chluasach (“grey-eared”, adjective)
liath-chòrcra, liath-ghorm (“lilac”)
liath-phurpur (“mauve”)
liath-reòthadh (“hoarfrost, rime”)

References

Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
“líath” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
bàn	glas	dubh	donn
pinc	dearg ; ruadh	orainds	buidhe ; donn
uaine	uaine	gorm ; gorm	liath ; glas
liath	gorm	purpaidh ; guirmean	pinc ; purpaidh