duma

See also: Duma, dûma, dumā, and d'uma

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Russian ду́ма (dúma, “elective legislative assembly; originally: thought”), ultimately of Germanic origin, related to English doom. The drink is named after the legislative assembly.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdumə/
  • Hyphenation: du‧ma

Noun

duma (plural dumas)

  1. A Russian legislative assembly such as the historical duma of the Russian Empire or the modern lower house of the Federal Assembly (the Russian national parliament).
  2. A drink mixing wine and vodka.

Translations

Anagrams

Hausa

Noun

dumā m (plural dumā̀mē, possessed form duman)

  1. calabash, gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)

Verb

dumā̀ (grade 1)

  1. To put one's mouth deeply into something
  2. (with an indirect object) To strike a person with something

Hungarian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈdumɒ]
  • Hyphenation: du‧ma

Etymology 1

From the Russian ду́ма (dúma, “duma”).

Noun

duma (plural dumák)

  1. duma
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative duma dumák
accusative dumát dumákat
dative dumának dumáknak
instrumental dumával dumákkal
causal-final dumáért dumákért
translative dumává dumákká
terminative dumáig dumákig
essive-formal dumaként dumákként
essive-modal — —
inessive dumában dumákban
superessive dumán dumákon
adessive dumánál dumáknál
illative dumába dumákba
sublative dumára dumákra
allative dumához dumákhoz
elative dumából dumákból
delative dumáról dumákról
ablative dumától dumáktól
Possessive forms of duma
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. dumám dumáim
2nd person sing. dumád dumáid
3rd person sing. dumája dumái
1st person plural dumánk dumáink
2nd person plural dumátok dumáitok
3rd person plural dumájuk dumáik

Etymology 2

From Romani dumа (“speech”), from a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *duma.

Noun

duma (plural dumák)

  1. (colloquial) talk, chat
  2. (colloquial) bullshit, lie
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative duma dumák
accusative dumát dumákat
dative dumának dumáknak
instrumental dumával dumákkal
causal-final dumáért dumákért
translative dumává dumákká
terminative dumáig dumákig
essive-formal dumaként dumákként
essive-modal — —
inessive dumában dumákban
superessive dumán dumákon
adessive dumánál dumáknál
illative dumába dumákba
sublative dumára dumákra
allative dumához dumákhoz
elative dumából dumákból
delative dumáról dumákról
ablative dumától dumáktól
Possessive forms of duma
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. dumám dumáim
2nd person sing. dumád dumáid
3rd person sing. dumája dumái
1st person plural dumánk dumáink
2nd person plural dumátok dumáitok
3rd person plural dumájuk dumáik
Derived terms

Latvian

Adjective

duma

  1. (dialectal form) genitive singular masculine form of dums
  2. (dialectal form) nominative singular feminine form of dums

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *duma.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdu.ma/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: du‧ma

Noun

duma f

  1. pride (sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one)

Declension

Portuguese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier d'uma, de (“of”) + uma (“feminine singular indefinite article”)

Pronunciation

Contraction

duma f

  1. Contraction of de uma.of a; from a (feminine singular)
    • 1877, Unknown, A boneca, compiled in Contos para a Infância, Guerra Junqueiro:
      Deixe-me agora, leitor, contar-lhe uma história — a história duma boneca!
      Now let me, reader, tell you a story - the story of a doll!

See also

  • dum (masculine form)
  • dumas (plural form)
  • duns (masculine plural form)

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: du‧ma

Noun

duma (n class, plural duma)

  1. cheetah

Zulu

Etymology 1

Relative

-duma?

  1. tasteless, flavourless
Inflection
Relative concord
Modifier Copulative
1st singular engiduma ngiduma
2nd singular oduma uduma
1st plural esiduma siduma
2nd plural eniduma niduma
Class 1 oduma uduma
Class 2 abaduma baduma
Class 3 oduma uduma
Class 4 eduma iduma
Class 5 eliduma liduma
Class 6 aduma aduma
Class 7 esiduma siduma
Class 8 eziduma ziduma
Class 9 eduma iduma
Class 10 eziduma ziduma
Class 11 oluduma luduma
Class 14 obuduma buduma
Class 15 okuduma kuduma
Class 17 okuduma kuduma

Etymology 2

From Proto-Nguni *-duma, from Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

-duma

  1. (intransitive) to be noisy
  2. (intransitive) to roar, to thunder
  3. (intransitive) to be famous, to be renowned
Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukuduma
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuduma ukungadumi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular duma dume
Plural dumani dumeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaduma, ngiduma engidumayo, engiduma ngiduma angidumi engingadumi ngingadumi
2nd singular uyaduma, uduma odumayo, oduma uduma awudumi ongadumi ungadumi
1st plural siyaduma, siduma esidumayo, esiduma siduma asidumi esingadumi singadumi
2nd plural niyaduma, niduma enidumayo, eniduma niduma anidumi eningadumi ningadumi
Class 1 uyaduma, uduma odumayo, oduma eduma akadumi ongadumi engadumi
Class 2 bayaduma, baduma abadumayo, abaduma beduma abadumi abangadumi bengadumi
Class 3 uyaduma, uduma odumayo, oduma uduma awudumi ongadumi ungadumi
Class 4 iyaduma, iduma edumayo, eduma iduma ayidumi engadumi ingadumi
Class 5 liyaduma, liduma elidumayo, eliduma liduma alidumi elingadumi lingadumi
Class 6 ayaduma, aduma adumayo, aduma eduma awadumi angadumi engadumi
Class 7 siyaduma, siduma esidumayo, esiduma siduma asidumi esingadumi singadumi
Class 8 ziyaduma, ziduma ezidumayo, eziduma ziduma azidumi ezingadumi zingadumi
Class 9 iyaduma, iduma edumayo, eduma iduma ayidumi engadumi ingadumi
Class 10 ziyaduma, ziduma ezidumayo, eziduma ziduma azidumi ezingadumi zingadumi
Class 11 luyaduma, luduma oludumayo, oluduma luduma aludumi olungadumi lungadumi
Class 14 buyaduma, buduma obudumayo, obuduma buduma abudumi obungadumi bungadumi
Class 15 kuyaduma, kuduma okudumayo, okuduma kuduma akudumi okungadumi kungadumi
Class 17 kuyaduma, kuduma okudumayo, okuduma kuduma akudumi okungadumi kungadumi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngidumile, ngidumē engidumile, engidumē ngidumile, ngidumē angidumanga engingadumanga ngingadumanga
2nd singular udumile, udumē odumile, odumē udumile, udumē awudumanga ongadumanga ungadumanga
1st plural sidumile, sidumē esidumile, esidumē sidumile, sidumē asidumanga esingadumanga singadumanga
2nd plural nidumile, nidumē enidumile, enidumē nidumile, nidumē anidumanga eningadumanga ningadumanga
Class 1 udumile, udumē odumile, odumē edumile, edumē akadumanga ongadumanga engadumanga
Class 2 badumile, badumē abadumile, abadumē bedumile, bedumē abadumanga abangadumanga bengadumanga
Class 3 udumile, udumē odumile, odumē udumile, udumē awudumanga ongadumanga ungadumanga
Class 4 idumile, idumē edumile, edumē idumile, idumē ayidumanga engadumanga ingadumanga
Class 5 lidumile, lidumē elidumile, elidumē lidumile, lidumē alidumanga elingadumanga lingadumanga
Class 6 adumile, adumē adumile, adumē edumile, edumē awadumanga angadumanga engadumanga
Class 7 sidumile, sidumē esidumile, esidumē sidumile, sidumē asidumanga esingadumanga singadumanga
Class 8 zidumile, zidumē ezidumile, ezidumē zidumile, zidumē azidumanga ezingadumanga zingadumanga
Class 9 idumile, idumē edumile, edumē idumile, idumē ayidumanga engadumanga ingadumanga
Class 10 zidumile, zidumē ezidumile, ezidumē zidumile, zidumē azidumanga ezingadumanga zingadumanga
Class 11 ludumile, ludumē oludumile, oludumē ludumile, ludumē aludumanga olungadumanga lungadumanga
Class 14 budumile, budumē obudumile, obudumē budumile, budumē abudumanga obungadumanga bungadumanga
Class 15 kudumile, kudumē okudumile, okudumē kudumile, kudumē akudumanga okungadumanga kungadumanga
Class 17 kudumile, kudumē okudumile, okudumē kudumile, kudumē akudumanga okungadumanga kungadumanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāduma engāduma ngāduma angidumanga engingadumanga ngingadumanga
2nd singular wāduma owāduma wāduma awudumanga ongadumanga ungadumanga
1st plural sāduma esāduma sāduma asidumanga esingadumanga singadumanga
2nd plural nāduma enāduma nāduma anidumanga eningadumanga ningadumanga
Class 1 wāduma owāduma āduma akadumanga ongadumanga engadumanga
Class 2 bāduma abāduma bāduma abadumanga abangadumanga bengadumanga
Class 3 wāduma owāduma wāduma awudumanga ongadumanga ungadumanga
Class 4 yāduma eyāduma yāduma ayidumanga engadumanga ingadumanga
Class 5 lāduma elāduma lāduma alidumanga elingadumanga lingadumanga
Class 6 āduma āduma āduma awadumanga angadumanga engadumanga
Class 7 sāduma esāduma sāduma asidumanga esingadumanga singadumanga
Class 8 zāduma ezāduma zāduma azidumanga ezingadumanga zingadumanga
Class 9 yāduma eyāduma yāduma ayidumanga engadumanga ingadumanga
Class 10 zāduma ezāduma zāduma azidumanga ezingadumanga zingadumanga
Class 11 lwāduma olwāduma lwāduma aludumanga olungadumanga lungadumanga
Class 14 bāduma obāduma bāduma abudumanga obungadumanga bungadumanga
Class 15 kwāduma okwāduma kwāduma akudumanga okungadumanga kungadumanga
Class 17 kwāduma okwāduma kwāduma akudumanga okungadumanga kungadumanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaduma — ngingaduma ngingedume — ngingedume
2nd singular ungaduma — ungaduma ungedume — ungedume
1st plural singaduma — singaduma singedume — singedume
2nd plural ningaduma — ningaduma ningedume — ningedume
Class 1 angaduma — engaduma angedume — engedume
Class 2 bangaduma — bengaduma bangedume — bengedume
Class 3 ungaduma — ungaduma ungedume — ungedume
Class 4 ingaduma — ingaduma ingedume — ingedume
Class 5 lingaduma — lingaduma lingedume — lingedume
Class 6 angaduma — engaduma angedume — engedume
Class 7 singaduma — singaduma singedume — singedume
Class 8 zingaduma — zingaduma zingedume — zingedume
Class 9 ingaduma — ingaduma ingedume — ingedume
Class 10 zingaduma — zingaduma zingedume — zingedume
Class 11 lungaduma — lungaduma lungedume — lungedume
Class 14 bungaduma — bungaduma bungedume — bungedume
Class 15 kungaduma — kungaduma kungedume — kungedume
Class 17 kungaduma — kungaduma kungedume — kungedume
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizoduma engizoduma ngizoduma angizuduma — ngingezuduma
2nd singular uzoduma ozoduma uzoduma awuzuduma — ungezuduma
1st plural sizoduma esizoduma sizoduma asizuduma — singezuduma
2nd plural nizoduma enizoduma nizoduma anizuduma — ningezuduma
Class 1 uzoduma ozoduma ezoduma akazuduma — engezuduma
Class 2 bazoduma abazoduma bezoduma abazuduma — bengezuduma
Class 3 uzoduma ozoduma uzoduma awuzuduma — ungezuduma
Class 4 izoduma ezoduma izoduma ayizuduma — ingezuduma
Class 5 lizoduma elizoduma lizoduma alizuduma — lingezuduma
Class 6 azoduma azoduma ezoduma awazuduma — engezuduma
Class 7 sizoduma esizoduma sizoduma asizuduma — singezuduma
Class 8 zizoduma ezizoduma zizoduma azizuduma — zingezuduma
Class 9 izoduma ezoduma izoduma ayizuduma — ingezuduma
Class 10 zizoduma ezizoduma zizoduma azizuduma — zingezuduma
Class 11 luzoduma oluzoduma luzoduma aluzuduma — lungezuduma
Class 14 buzoduma obuzoduma buzoduma abuzuduma — bungezuduma
Class 15 kuzoduma okuzoduma kuzoduma akuzuduma — kungezuduma
Class 17 kuzoduma okuzoduma kuzoduma akuzuduma — kungezuduma
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyoduma engiyoduma ngiyoduma angiyuduma — ngingeyuduma
2nd singular uyoduma oyoduma uyoduma awuyuduma — ungeyuduma
1st plural siyoduma esiyoduma siyoduma asiyuduma — singeyuduma
2nd plural niyoduma eniyoduma niyoduma aniyuduma — ningeyuduma
Class 1 uyoduma oyoduma eyoduma akayuduma — engeyuduma
Class 2 bayoduma abayoduma beyoduma abayuduma — bengeyuduma
Class 3 uyoduma oyoduma uyoduma awuyuduma — ungeyuduma
Class 4 iyoduma eyoduma iyoduma ayiyuduma — ingeyuduma
Class 5 liyoduma eliyoduma liyoduma aliyuduma — lingeyuduma
Class 6 ayoduma ayoduma eyoduma awayuduma — engeyuduma
Class 7 siyoduma esiyoduma siyoduma asiyuduma — singeyuduma
Class 8 ziyoduma eziyoduma ziyoduma aziyuduma — zingeyuduma
Class 9 iyoduma eyoduma iyoduma ayiyuduma — ingeyuduma
Class 10 ziyoduma eziyoduma ziyoduma aziyuduma — zingeyuduma
Class 11 luyoduma oluyoduma luyoduma aluyuduma — lungeyuduma
Class 14 buyoduma obuyoduma buyoduma abuyuduma — bungeyuduma
Class 15 kuyoduma okuyoduma kuyoduma akuyuduma — kungeyuduma
Class 17 kuyoduma okuyoduma kuyoduma akuyuduma — kungeyuduma
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngidume ngingadumi
2nd singular udume ungadumi
1st plural sidume singadumi
2nd plural nidume ningadumi
Class 1 adume angadumi
Class 2 badume bangadumi
Class 3 udume ungadumi
Class 4 idume ingadumi
Class 5 lidume lingadumi
Class 6 adume angadumi
Class 7 sidume singadumi
Class 8 zidume zingadumi
Class 9 idume ingadumi
Class 10 zidume zingadumi
Class 11 ludume lungadumi
Class 14 budume bungadumi
Class 15 kudume kungadumi
Class 17 kudume kungadumi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaduma angiduma
2nd singular waduma awuduma
1st plural saduma asiduma
2nd plural naduma aniduma
Class 1 waduma akaduma
Class 2 baduma abaduma
Class 3 waduma awuduma
Class 4 yaduma ayiduma
Class 5 laduma aliduma
Class 6 aduma awaduma
Class 7 saduma asiduma
Class 8 zaduma aziduma
Class 9 yaduma ayiduma
Class 10 zaduma aziduma
Class 11 lwaduma aluduma
Class 14 baduma abuduma
Class 15 kwaduma akuduma
Class 17 kwaduma akuduma

References

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