阿魏
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (阿魏) |
阿 | 魏 | |
Etymology
Borrowed from some unspecified language in the Western Regions.
Attested first in Medieval Chinese, and was reported to have come from the Jia-she-na (< ga-ʑa-na?) (伽闍那) country in Northern India―possibly referring to modern Ghazni in Afghanistan.
Compare Persian انگدان (angodān), انگژد (angožad), Tocharian B aṅkwaṣ(ṭ), Khotanese aṃgūṣḍa-, Arabic أَنْجُدَان (ʾanjudān), Sanskrit हिङ्गु (hiṅgu), all meaning “asafoetida” and all possibly derived, ultimately, from Proto-Iranian *aṅgu-ǰatuh (“asafoetida”), where *ǰatuh is “gum” (cf. Modern Persian ژد (žad)).
This term was discussed in detail in Sino-Iranica.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄜ ㄨㄟˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ewey
- IPA (key): /ˀɤ⁵⁵ u̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄚ ㄨㄟˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: awey
- IPA (key): /ˀa̠⁵⁵ u̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: o1 ngai6
- Yale: ō ngaih
- Cantonese Pinyin: o1 ngai6
- Guangdong Romanization: o1 ngei6
- IPA (key): /ɔː⁵⁵ ŋɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 阿 | 魏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 微 (21) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 烏何切 | 魚貴切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔɑ/ | /ŋʉiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔɑ/ | /ŋʷɨiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔɑ/ | /ŋiuəiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔa/ | /ŋujH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔɑ/ | /ŋiuəiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɑ/ | /ŋĭwəiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔɑ/ | /ŋwe̯iH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ē | wèi |
Noun
阿魏
Synonyms
- 形虞 (xíngyú)
Derived terms
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