諷刺

See also: 讽刺

Chinese

		satirize	thorn; sting; prick thorn; sting; prick; pierce; stab; thrust; assassinate; murder
trad. (諷刺)		諷	刺
simp. (讽刺)		讽	刺

Etymology

Attestable from at least the Northern and Southern dynasties (420–589). In modern Chinese, popularised as reborrowed from Japanese 諷 (ふう)刺 (し) (fūshi).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fěngcì, fèngcì

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˇ ㄘˋ, ㄈㄥˋ ㄘˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fung³ ci³
Min Nan (POJ): hóng-chhì / hong-chhì

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: fěngcì
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˇ ㄘˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feengtsyh
  - IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: fèngcì
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˋ ㄘˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenqtsyh
  - IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fung³ ci³
  - Yale: fung chi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fung³ tsi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fung³ qi³
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ³³ t͡sʰiː³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóng-chhì
  - Tâi-lô: hóng-tshì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hofngchix
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-chhì
  - Tâi-lô: hong-tshì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongchix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

Verb

諷刺

to satirise; to mock; to ridicule

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 諷刺

創治／创治 (Min Nan)
取笑 (qǔxiào)
嘲弄 (cháonòng)
嘲笑 (cháoxiào)
嘲諷／嘲讽 (cháofěng)
戲弄／戏弄 (xìnòng)
挖苦 (wākǔ)
捉弄 (zhuōnòng)
損／损 (sǔn) (colloquial)

玩 (wán) (colloquial)
說風涼話
譏刺／讥刺 (jīcì)
譏嘲／讥嘲 (jīcháo)
譏笑／讥笑 (jīxiào)
譏諷／讥讽 (jīfěng)
酸笑 (Min Nan)
開涮／开涮 (kāishuàn) (colloquial)
開玩笑／开玩笑 (kāiwánxiào)

Noun

諷刺

satire; mockery; ridicule

Japanese

Kanji in this term
諷	刺
ふう Hyōgaiji	し Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

諷刺 (hiragana ふうし, rōmaji fūshi)

Alternative form of 風刺

Verb

諷刺する (hiragana ふうしする, rōmaji fūshi suru)

Alternative form of 風刺

Conjugation

Conjugation of "諷刺する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	諷刺し	ふうしし	fūshi shi
Continuative (連用形)	諷刺し	ふうしし	fūshi shi
Terminal (終止形)	諷刺する	ふうしする	fūshi suru
Attributive (連体形)	諷刺する	ふうしする	fūshi suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	諷刺すれ	ふうしすれ	fūshi sure
Imperative (命令形)	諷刺せよ¹ 諷刺しろ²	ふうしせよ¹ ふうししろ²	fūshi seyo¹ fūshi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	諷刺される	ふうしされる	fūshi sareru
Causative	諷刺させる諷刺さす	ふうしさせるふうしさす	fūshi saseru fūshi sasu
Potential	諷刺できる	ふうしできる	fūshi dekiru
Volitional	諷刺しよう	ふうししよう	fūshi shiyō
Negative	諷刺しない	ふうししない	fūshi shinai
Negative continuative	諷刺せず	ふうしせず	fūshi sezu
Formal	諷刺します	ふうしします	fūshi shimasu
Perfective	諷刺した	ふうしした	fūshi shita
Conjunctive	諷刺して	ふうしして	fūshi shite
Hypothetical conditional	諷刺すれば	ふうしすれば	fūshi sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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