蟹

See also: 蠏 and 聲
蟹 U+87F9, 蟹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-87F9
← 蟸
[U+87F8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蟺 →
[U+87FA]

Translingual

Han character

蟹 (radical 142 虫+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓手中一戈 (NQLMI), four-corner 27136, composition ⿱解虫)

References

  • KangXi: page 1098, character 49
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33668
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1563, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2898, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+87F9

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 蟹
alt. forms 蠏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (解) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
薢 *kreː, *kreːʔ, *kreːs
解 *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs
檞 *kreːʔ
懈 *kreːs
繲 *kreːs
廨 *kreːs
蟹 *ɡreːʔ
獬 *ɡreːʔ
澥 *ɡreːʔ
嶰 *ɡreːʔ
邂 *ɡreːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡreːʔ) : phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs) + semantic 虫.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (“crab”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • hai3 - vernacular;
  • xiai4 - literary.
Note:
  • hōe/hǒe/hē - vernacular;
  • hāi/hǎi - literary.
Rime
Character 蟹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 胡買切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠɛX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦᵚæX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣæiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦaɨjX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɛX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣaiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣaiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xià
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蟹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xiè
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hɛX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-kˤreʔ/
English crab

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蟹
Reading # 1/1
No. 6482
Phonetic
component		 解
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 蟹
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡreːʔ/
Notes 說文蟲在左

Definitions

蟹

  1. crab

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 螃蟹 (“crab”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 螃蟹、蟹
Mandarin Beijing 螃蟹
Taiwan 螃蟹
Harbin 蟹子
Shenyang 螃蟹
Jinan 螃蟹
Muping 螃蟹、肥蟹
Luoyang 螃蟹
Jiedian 螃蟹
Xi'an 螃蟹
Xining 螃蟹
Xuzhou 螃蟹
Yinchuan 螃蟹
Lanzhou 螃蟹
Ürümqi 螃蟹
Wuhan 螃蟹、蟹子
Chengdu 螃蟹
Guiyang 螃蟹
Guilin 螃蟹
Liuzhou 螃蟹
Kunming 螃蟹
Yangzhou 螃蟹
Nanjing 螃蟹
Hefei 爬蟹
Cantonese Guangzhou 蟹
Hong Kong 蟹
Shunde 蟹
Foshan 蟹
Zhongshan 蟹
Dongguan 蟹
Hong Kong (Weitou) 蟹
Taishan 蟹
Doumen 蟹
Kaiping 蟹
Shaoguan 蟹
Yangjiang 蟹
Xinyi 螃鉗
Lianjiang 蟹
Nanning 螃蟹 large、螃鉗 small
Wuzhou 螃蟹
Yulin 螃鉗
Hepu 螃蟹
Danzhou 蟹
Kuala Lumpur 蟹
Gan Nanchang 螃蟹
Lichuan 螃蟹
Pingxiang 爬拐、螃蟹
Hakka Meixian 老蟹
Luchuan 老蟹
Changting 螃蟹
Wuping 蟹子
Ninghua 螃蟹
Yudu 壙蟹
Shicheng 壙蟹
Shangyou 老蟹
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 毛蟹
Liudui (S. Sixian) 老蟹
Hsinchu (Hailu) 毛蟹
Dongshi (Dabu) 老蟹
Zhuolan (Raoping) 老蟹、毛蟹
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 老蟹
Hong Kong 老蟹
Sabah 老蟹
Senai 老蟹
Singkawang 老蟹
Huizhou Jixi 蟹蟹
Jin Taiyuan 螃蟹
Xinzhou 螃蟹
Hohhot 螃蟹
Min Bei Jian'ou 螃蟹
Songxi 蟹
Zhenghe 蟹
Jianyang 蟹仔
Wuyishan 蟹仔
Shibei 蟹仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 螃蟹
Changle 鰻蟹
Yongtai 老蟹
Min Nan Xiamen 蟳仔、蟳
Quanzhou 蟳仔、蟳
Zhangzhou 蟳仔、蟳
Taipei 蟳
Kaohsiung 蟳仔
Tainan 蟳
Taichung 蟳仔
Wuqi 蟳仔
Hsinchu 蟳仔
Taitung 蟳
Lukang 蟳仔
Yilan 蟳仔
Penang 蟳
Singapore 蟳
Pingnan 螃蟹
Chaozhou 蟹
Haifeng 蟹
Johor Bahru 蟹
Wenchang 蟹
Haikou 蟹
Leizhou 蟹
Pinghua Nanning 螃蟹
Wu Shanghai 蟹
Suzhou 蟹
Wuxi 蟹
Hangzhou 湖蟹
Wenzhou 蟹、十隻腳
Chongming 蟹、老毛蟹
Danyang 螃蟹、蟹
Jinhua 蟹
Ningbo 蟹
Xiang Changsha 螃蟹
Shuangfeng 螃蟹、螃解子
Loudi 螃蟹
Quanzhou 螃蟹

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

蟹

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Etymology

蟹 (kani): a crab.
Kanji in this term
蟹
かに
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Possibly a compound of 殻 (kara, “shell”) +‎ 丹 (ni, “red”). Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”); compare the Jeju dialect word 깅이 (ging-i, “crab”).

Pronunciation

Noun

蟹 (hiragana かに, katakana カニ, rōmaji kani)

  1. a crab (infraorder Brachyura)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as カニ.

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Kikai

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).

Kanji

蟹 (hiragana がにー, romaji ganī)

Noun

蟹 (hiragana がにー, romaji ganī)

  1. crab

Korean

Hanja

蟹 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)

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Miyako

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).

Kanji

蟹 (hiragana かん, romaji kan)

Noun

蟹 (hiragana かん, romaji kan)

  1. crab

Oki-No-Erabu

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).

Kanji

蟹 (hiragana がに, romaji gani)

Noun

蟹 (hiragana がに, romaji gani)

  1. crab

Okinawan

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).

Kanji

蟹 (hiragana がに, romaji gani)

Noun

蟹 (hiragana がに, romaji gani)

  1. crab

Vietnamese

Han character

蟹 (giải)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yoron

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).

Kanji

蟹 (hiragana がん, romaji gan)

Noun

蟹 (hiragana がん, romaji gan)

  1. crab
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