自然淘汰

Chinese

		nature; the natural world; natural nature; the natural world; natural; of or relating to nature	to eliminate; to weed out; to make fall into disuse
simp. and trad. (自然淘汰)		自然	淘汰

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 自 (し)然 (ぜん)淘 (とう)汰 (た) (shizentōta).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìrán táotài

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³
Min Nan (POJ): chū-jiân tô-thài / chū-liân tô-thài / chīr-jiân tô-thài

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zìrán táotài
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄖㄢˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄞˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhran taurtay
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʐa̠n³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³
  - Yale: jih yìhn tòuh taai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ jin⁴ tou⁴ taai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ yin⁴ tou⁴ tai³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² jiːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹ tʰɑːi̯³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-jiân tô-thài
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-jiân tô-thài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxjieen doi'taix
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ ʑiɛn²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ tʰaɪ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-liân tô-thài
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-liân tô-thài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxlieen doi'taix
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰaɪ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-jiân tô-thài
  - Tâi-lô: tsīr-jiân tô-thài
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² d͡ʑiɛn²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² tʰaɪ⁴¹/

Noun

自然淘汰

natural selection

Synonyms

自然選擇／自然选择 (zìrán xuǎnzé)
天擇／天择 (tiānzé)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	然	淘	汰
し Grade: 2	ぜん Grade: 4	とう Hyōgaiji	た Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

自然 natural + 淘汰 selection

Noun

自然淘汰 (hiragana しぜんとうた, rōmaji shizentōta)

natural selection

Synonyms

自然選択 (しぜんせんたく) (shizensentaku)

Related terms

進 (しん)化 (か) (shinka): evolution
ダーウィニズム (dāwinizumu): Darwinism
適者生存 (てきしゃせいぞん) (tekishaseizon): survival of the fittest

References

1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

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