癌

癌 U+764C, 癌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-764C
← 癋
[U+764B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 癍 →
[U+764D]

Translingual

Han character

癌 (radical 104 疒+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 大口口山 (KRRU), four-corner 00172, composition ⿸疒嵒)

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 781, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22538
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1190, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2697, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+764C

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 癌

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 嵒 (OC *ŋrɯːm, *ŋjab); 嵒 is a variant of 岩.

Etymology

From 岩 (yán, “cliff; rock, stone”), since cancers often present as lumps or outgrowths on the body.

In Mandarin, this character used to be pronounced identically as 岩 (yán). Its pronunciation was changed to ái in December 1962 to avoid the homophony between 癌 (“cancer”) and 炎 (yán, “inflammation”) (compare 肺炎 (fèiyán, “pneumonia”) and 肺癌 (fèi'ái, “lung cancer”)). The new pronunciation ái stems from dialectal pronunciations of 岩 (“rock; cliff”) /ŋai/, influenced by 崖 (yá, yái, “cliff”).

Pronunciation

Definitions

癌

  1. cancer, carcinoma
    癌症  ―  áizhèng  ―  cancer

Compounds

References

  • 普通話异讀詞审音表初稿(第三編) [Third List of Pronunciation Standards for Words with Multiple Readings in Putonghua, Draft] (in Chinese), 文字改革 [Script Reform], Issue 85, December 1962, page 1

Japanese

Kanji

癌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. cancer

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
癌
がん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 癌.

Pronunciation

Noun

癌 (hiragana がん, rōmaji gan)

  1. (medicine, oncology, pathology) cancer
    彼 (かれ)の祖 (そ)母 (ぼ)は癌 (がん)で死 (し)んだ。
    Kare no sobo wa gan de shinda.
    His grandmother died of cancer.
  2. (figuratively: a baneful but ineradicable evil): cancer
    中央集権体制 (ちゅうおうしゅうけんたいせい)は社会 (しゃかい)の癌 (がん)になっている。
    Chūōshūken taisei wa shakai no gan ni natteiru.
    The centralized administrative system has become a cancer of the society.

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

癌 • (am) (hangeul 암, revised am, McCune–Reischauer am, Yale am)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

癌 (nham)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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