煙管

Japanese

煙管 (kiseru): a traditional Japanese smoking pipe.
Kanji in this term
煙 管
Grade: S Grade: 4
Irregular

Etymology 1

From Khmer ខ្សៀរ (khsiěrô) or ខ្សៀ (khsiě, “a pipe for smoking”).[1][2] Tobacco trade from Europe first went through Southeast Asia before reaching Japan. One source[3] suggests that the Khmer word itself was a borrowing from Spanish que sorber or Portuguese que sorver, “that which is sucked upon”.

Variant readings include kiseri and kisero[1], although these are rare.

The kanji spelling 煙管 is an example of ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation

Noun

煙管 (hiragana きせる, katakana キセル, rōmaji kiseru) (alternative reading katakana キセリ, romaji kiseri) (alternative reading katakana キセロ, romaji kisero)

  1. a tobacco pipe with a metal stem
  2. (slang) a way of cheating on one's train fare
    The train rider purchases two tickets, one for a short distance at the start of the journey, and one for a short distance at the end of the journey. In this way, the rider can avoid having to pay full fare for the total distance traveled.
    A pun on the way that there is 金 (kane, “metal; money”) on both ends, but not in the middle, similar to a kiseru pipe.
  3. (slang) a way of buying votes for an election
    The vote buyer pays the voter part before the election and part after (assuming the election buyer wins).
    A pun on the way that there is 金 (kane, “metal; money”) on both ends, but not in the middle, similar to a kiseru pipe.
  4. (obsolete) during the Edo period, someone who sold slow match to theater-goers to use to light their pipes
Synonyms
  • (fare dodging): 不 (ふ)正 (せい)乗 (じょう)車 (しゃ) (fusei jōsha) (official, formal), ただ乗 (の)り (tadanori) (not paying any fare at all)
  • (slow match seller): 火 (ひ)縄 (なわ)売 (うり) (hinawauri)

Verb

煙管する (hiragana きせるする, rōmaji kiseru suru)

  1. (slang) to cheat on one's train fare
Conjugation

Etymology 2

煙管 (enkan): the red horizontal lines are the fire tubes.
Kanji in this term
煙 管
えん
Grade: S		 かん
Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 煙管 (ʔen kwanX). Compare modern Mandarin 煙管／烟管 (yānguǎn).

Pronunciation

Noun

煙管 (hiragana えんかん, rōmaji enkan, historical hiragana えんくわん)

  1. a fire tube or boiler tube in a steam engine: a pipe that conducts hot gasses from combustion to heat the boiler
  2. a smokestack or chimney
  3. a tobacco pipe with a metal stem (same as above; kiseru reading more common)
Synonyms
  • (fire tube): ファイアチューブ (​faia chūbu)
  • (smokestack, chimney): 煙筒 (えんとう, ​entō), 煙突 (えんとつ, ​entotsu)
Further reading

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ Suzuki, Tatsuya (November 1999) 喫煙伝来史の研究 (Kitsuen Denraishi no Kenkyū, “Research into the History of the Introduction of Smoking”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shibunkaku, →ISBN
  4. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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