業障

Chinese

		business; occupation; study	to block; to hinder; to obstruct
trad. (業障)		業	障
simp. (业障)		业	障

Etymology

Translation of Sanskrit कर्मावरण (karmāvaraṇa, “karmic obstruction”). The Tibetan equivalent is ལས་ཀྱི་སྒྲིབ་པ (las kyi sgrib pa).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yèzhàng

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ ㄓㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jip⁶ zoeng³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yèzhàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ ㄓㄤˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yehjanq
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jip⁶ zoeng³
  - Yale: yihp jeung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jip⁹ dzoeng³
  - Guangdong Romanization: yib⁶ zêng³
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːp̚² t͡ɕœːŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: /ŋɨɐp̚ t͡ɕɨɐŋ|t͡ɕɨɐŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	業	障	障
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	業 (147)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	魚怯切	諸良切	之亮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐp̚/	/t͡ɕɨɐŋ/	/t͡ɕɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐp̚/	/t͡ɕiɐŋ/	/t͡ɕiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐp̚/	/t͡ɕiɑŋ/	/t͡ɕiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨap̚/	/cɨaŋ/	/cɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ŋiap̚/	/t͡ɕiaŋ/	/t͡ɕiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐp̚/	/t͡ɕĭaŋ/	/t͡ɕĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/	/t͡ɕi̯aŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yè	zhāng	zhàng

Noun

業障

(Buddhism) sin that detracts from one's good works; karmic hindrance
(dated, derogatory, term of abuse said of one's inferiors) vile spawn

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