桄榔
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (桄榔) |
桄 | 榔 | |
| alt. forms | 桄桹 | ||
Etymology
Recorded in the Book of the Later Han, where it was described as a product of the Gouding kingdom in China's south. Ji Han (嵇含, died 307 CE), the author of Nanfang Caomu Zhuang (“Plants of the Southern Regions”), says:
- Inside the bark there is a dust resembling flour, sometimes as much as several hu (斛). When eaten it is just like ordinary flour.
This word was borrowed from a Tai-Kadai language (Li, 2002). Compare Proto-Tai-Kadai *klaŋ > Zhuang go'gvang (“palm tree”, go: plant prefix), Bouyei faixguangl (“palm tree”) (idem).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤ ㄌㄤˊ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanglang
- IPA (key): /ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gwong1 long4
- Yale: gwōng lòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwong1 long4
- Guangdong Romanization: guong1 long4
- IPA (key): /kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong-lông
- Tâi-lô: kong-lông
- Phofsit Daibuun: kongloong
- IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³ lɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔŋ¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien)
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 桄 | 榔 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 古黃切 | 魯當切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kwɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʷɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kwaŋ/ | /laŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/kuɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kwɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
guāng | láng |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 桄 | 榔 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 4509 | 8031 |
| Phonetic component |
光 | 良 |
| Rime group |
陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
郎 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʷaːŋ/ | /*raːŋ/ |
Noun
桄榔
Derived terms
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