斟愖
Chinese
| pour; to deliberate | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (斟愖) |
斟 | 愖 | |
Etymology
Possibly via folk etymology with the group of similar-sounding words 躊躇 (chóuchú), 躑躅 (zhízhú), 踟躕 (chíchú), 彳亍 (chìchù), all meaning "hesitant".
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄔㄣˊ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenchenr
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zam1 sam4
- Yale: jām sàhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzam1 sam4
- Guangdong Romanization: zem1 sem4
- IPA (key): /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ sɐm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 斟 | 愖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 職深切 | 氏任切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕiɪm/ | /d͡ʑiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕim/ | /d͡ʑim/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕjem/ | /d͡ʑjem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cim/ | /d͡ʑim/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕiəm/ | /ʑiəm/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕĭĕm/ | /ʑĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕi̯əm/ | /ʑi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhēn | chén |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 斟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhēn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsyim › |
| Old Chinese |
/*t.[q][ə]m/ |
| English | deliberate (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 斟 | 愖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11291 | 11293 |
| Phonetic component |
甚 | 甚 |
| Rime group |
侵 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
斟 | 諶 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kljum/ | /*ɡljum/ |
| Notes | 同諶，集韻同 | |
Verb
斟愖
- to hesitate
Adjective
斟愖
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