掌

掌	U+638C, 掌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-638C

← 掋
[U+638B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

掍 →
[U+638D]

Translingual

Han character

掌 (radical 64, 手+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月口手 (FBRQ), four-corner 9050₂, composition ⿱尚手)

References

KangXi: page 437, character 5

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12248

Dae Jaweon: page 786, character 13

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1889, character 2

Unihan data for U+638C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		掌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 掌
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
當	taːŋ, taːŋs
襠	*taːŋ
鐺	taːŋ, sʰraːŋ
簹	*taːŋ
璫	*taːŋ
檔	taːŋ, taːŋs
儅	taːŋ, taːŋs
蟷	*taːŋ
擋	taːŋʔ, taːŋs
黨	taːŋʔ, tʰaːŋʔ
讜	*taːŋʔ
欓	*taːŋʔ
譡	*taːŋs
闣	*taːŋs
瓽	*taːŋs
鏜	*tʰaːŋ
闛	tʰaːŋ, daːŋ
鼞	*tʰaːŋ
曭	*tʰaːŋʔ
儻	tʰaːŋʔ, tʰaːŋs
戃	*tʰaːŋʔ
矘	*tʰaːŋʔ
爣	*tʰaːŋʔ
攩	hl'aːŋʔ, ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌	*tʰaːŋʔ
倘	*tʰaːŋʔ
躺	*tʰaːŋʔ
趟	tʰaːŋs, rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂	*daːŋ
坣	*daːŋ
棠	*daːŋ
糛	*daːŋ
螳	*daːŋ
隚	*daːŋ
橖	*daːŋ
掌	*tjaŋʔ
廠	tʰjaŋʔ, tʰjaŋs
敞	*tʰjaŋʔ
僘	*tʰjaŋʔ
氅	*tʰjaŋʔ
常	*djaŋ
嘗	*djaŋ
裳	*djaŋ
徜	*djaŋ
尚	djaŋ, djaŋs
甞	*djaŋ
鋿	*djaŋ
嫦	*djaŋ
償	djaŋ, djaŋs
賞	*hjaŋʔ
瞠	*rtʰaːŋ
撐	*rtʰaːŋ
樘	*rtʰaːŋ
橕	*rtʰaːŋ
牚	*rtʰaːŋs
埫	*tʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjaŋʔ) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 手.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhǎng (zhang³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˇ

(Chengdu, SP): zang³
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chóng
Min Dong (BUC): ciēng / ciōng
Min Nan (POJ): chiúⁿ / chióⁿ / chńg / chéng / chín / chióng / chiáng
Wu (Wiktionary): tsaan (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chang³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaang
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zang³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zang
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng²
  - Yale: jéung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng²
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕœːŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chóng
  - Hakka Romanization System: zong`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zong³
  - IPA: /t͡soŋ³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciēng / ciōng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sieŋ³³/, /t͡suoŋ³³/

Note:

ciēng - vernacular (“finger”);
ciōng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiúⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiúnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cviuo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiũ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /t͡ɕiũ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiũ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chióⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiónn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cvioir
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɔ̃⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chńg
  - Tâi-lô: tsńg
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zngr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /t͡sŋ̍⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chéng
  - Tâi-lô: tsíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeang
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chín
  - Tâi-lô: tsín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cien
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chióng
  - Tâi-lô: tsióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciorng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiáng
  - Tâi-lô: tsiáng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciarng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁴¹/

Note:

chiúⁿ/chióⁿ - vernacular (“palm”);
chńg/chéng/chín - vernacular (“finger”, often written as 指, e.g. 掌甲, 掌頭仔);
chióng/chiáng - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsaan (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑ̃³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨɐŋ^X/▼

Rime
Character	掌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸兩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨɐŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɐŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiɑŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨaŋ^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiaŋ^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭaŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯aŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǎng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k.t]aŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjaŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	掌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyang^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[k.t]aŋʔ/
English	palm of the hand
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	掌
Reading #	1/1
No.	11146
Phonetic component	尚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	掌
Old Chinese	/*tjaŋʔ/

Definitions

掌

palm of hand
sole of foot
shoe sole or heel
horseshoe
to slap
to hold
to control
(dialectal Mandarin) to put (seasoning)
(Sichuan) to support; to hold

Compounds

主掌 (zhǔzhǎng)
仙人掌 (xiānrénzhǎng)
合掌 (hézhǎng)
執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
巴掌 (bāzhang)
手掌 (shǒuzhǎng)
掌上壓／掌上压
掌上明珠
掌上電腦／掌上电脑
掌中戲／掌中戏
掌事
掌勺
掌勺儿
掌印
掌嘴
掌子
掌子面
掌廚／掌厨

掌心 (zhǎngxīn)
掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
掌握 (zhǎngwò)
掌握電腦／掌握电脑
掌摑
掌擊／掌击
掌故 (zhǎnggù)
掌案兒的／掌案儿的
掌櫃／掌柜 (zhǎngguì)
掌櫃的／掌柜的
掌權／掌权 (zhǎngquán)
掌灶
掌燈／掌灯
掌班
掌璽大臣／掌玺大臣
掌璽官／掌玺官
掌相
掌秤

掌管 (zhǎngguǎn)
掌紋／掌纹
掌聲／掌声 (zhǎngshēng)
掌聲雷動／掌声雷动
掌舵 (zhǎngduò)
掌鍋／掌锅
掌門／掌门
掌門人／掌门人 (zhǎngménrén)
掌鞭
掌鞭的
掌骨 (zhǎnggǔ)
接掌
揚掌／扬掌 (yángzhǎng)
熊掌 (xióngzhǎng)
蘭花掌／兰花掌 (lánhuāzhǎng)
馬掌／马掌 (mǎzhǎng)
鼓掌 (gǔzhǎng)

Descendants

Mongolian: зан (zan, “sole”)

Japanese

Kanji

掌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): しょう (shō, Jōyō)
Kun: てのひら (tenohira, 掌); たなごころ (tanagokoro, 掌); たなそこ (tanasoko, 掌); つかさどる (tsukasadoru, 掌る)

Compounds

掌握
掌鞅
掌管
掌故
掌中
掌典

Noun

掌 (hiragana てのひら, rōmaji tenohira)

the palm (flat of the hand)

Korean

Hanja

掌 • (jang) (hangeul 장, revised jang, McCune–Reischauer chang, Yale cang)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

掌 (chưởng)

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