弟子

Chinese

younger brother
 
child; son; (noun suff.); small thing; midnight; 11 p.m.-1 a.m.; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch
simp. and trad.
(弟子)		 弟 子
alt. forms 弟仔 Min Bei
anagram 子弟

Pronunciation

Noun

弟子

  1. disciple
  2. (dialectal Mandarin, Min Bei, dialectal Wu) younger brother

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 弟
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 弟弟
Mandarin Beijing 兄弟、弟弟
Taiwan 弟弟
Harbin 兄弟、弟弟
Jinan 兄弟、弟弟
Muping 兄兒、兄弟
Luoyang 兄弟
Jiedian 兄弟 male speaker、弟子 female speaker
Xi'an 兄弟
Xining 兄弟、弟弟
Xuzhou 弟弟、兄弟
Yinchuan 兄弟
Ürümqi 弟弟、兄弟、富康子
Wuhan 弟弟、兄弟
Chengdu 弟娃兒、兄弟、弟弟
Guiyang 弟、兄弟、弟弟 childish
Liuzhou 弟、阿弟、老弟
Yangzhou 兄弟、弟弟
Nanjing 弟弟、兄弟
Hefei 兄弟、弟弟
Nantong 弟子
Cantonese Guangzhou 細佬、弟弟
Hong Kong 細佬、弟弟
Dongguan 細佬、弟弟
Taishan 細
Yangjiang 小弟
Gan Nanchang 老弟、兄弟
Lichuan 弟
Pingxiang 老弟
Hakka Meixian 老弟、老弟仔
Xingning 老弟、老弟里
Huidong 老弟
Qujiang 老弟
Xiaosanjiang 老弟
Changting 老弟
Pingyu 老弟子
Wuping 老弟
Liancheng 老弟
Ninghua 老弟
Yudu 老弟
Ruijin 老弟
Shicheng 老弟
Shangyou 老弟
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老弟
Liudui (S. Sixian) 老弟
Hsinchu (Hailu) 老弟
Dongshi (Dabu) 老弟
Zhuolan (Raoping) 老弟
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 阿弟
Huizhou Jixi 弟
Jin Taiyuan 兄弟、弟弟
Xinzhou 兄弟
Min Bei Jian'ou 弟仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 依弟 face-to-face、弟
Min Nan Xiamen 小弟、阿弟 face-to-face
Quanzhou 小弟、阿弟 face-to-face
Zhangzhou 小弟、阿弟 face-to-face
Taipei 小弟
Kaohsiung 小弟
Penang 小弟、adik
Philippines (Manila) 小弟
Chaozhou 阿弟
Haikou 老弟 non-face-to-face、阿弟 face-to-face
Leizhou 老弟
Pinghua Nanning 老弟
Wu Shanghai 弟弟、阿弟
Suzhou 兄弟、弟弟
Hangzhou 阿弟、弟弟
Wenzhou 阿弟
Chongming 兄弟
Danyang 弟子
Jinhua 弟
Ningbo 阿弟、弟弟 face-to-face
Xiang Changsha 老弟、弟弟
Shuangfeng 老弟、弟弟
Loudi 老弟

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (弟子):

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
弟 子
てい
Grade: 2		 し
Grade: 1
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 弟子 (MC deiX t͡sɨX). Probably the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

弟子 (hiragana ていし, rōmaji teishi)

  1. a disciple, an apprentice
  2. (Buddhism) on a mala or Buddhist rosary, the ten small beads closest to the end of the portion that hangs free from the largest bead

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
弟 子
で
Grade: 2		 し
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Appears to be a shift from teishi above, adopting the 慣用音 (kan'yōon, “customary reading”) of de for the first character. This is now the most common reading for the disciple, apprentice sense.

Pronunciation

Noun

弟子 (hiragana でし, rōmaji deshi)

  1. an apprentice, a disciple

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
弟 子
おと
Grade: 2		 こ > ご
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 弟 (oto, “younger”, cognate with 弟 (otōto, “younger brother”), itself from oto + 人 (hito, “person”)) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).[2] The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

弟子 (hiragana おとご, rōmaji otogo)

  1. the youngest child
  2. short for 弟子月 (otogo-zuki, “December” in the lunar calendar)
Synonyms

(youngest child):

(December):

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
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