弘

弘	U+5F18, 弘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F18

← 弗
[U+5F17]

CJK Unified Ideographs

弙 →
[U+5F19]

Translingual

Han character

弘 (radical 57 弓+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈 (NI) or X弓戈 (XNI), four-corner 1223₀, composition ⿰弓厶)

References

KangXi: page 356, character 17

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9709

Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 990, character 15

Unihan data for U+5F18

Chinese

simp. and trad.		弘

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (弘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
弘	*ɡʷɯːŋ
鞃	*ɡʷɯːŋ
苰	*ɡʷɯːŋ
泓	*qʷrɯːŋ
宖	qʷrɯːŋ, ɡʷrɯːŋ
紭	*ɡʷrɯːŋ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hóng (hong²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wang⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hông

(Teochew, Peng'im): hong⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hóng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ
  - Wade–Giles: hung²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horng
  - IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wang⁴
  - Yale: wàhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wang⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: weng⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /wɐŋ²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
  - Tâi-lô: hông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hong⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hông
  - IPA ^(key): /hoŋ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 弘
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/xuŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/xuŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/xuŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/xəŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/xuŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/xuə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/xuŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/xũn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/xuŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/xoŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/xoŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/xoŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/xoŋ¹/
	Nanjing	/xoŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/xəŋ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/xũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦoŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦoŋ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦoŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ɦoŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/xuʌ̃⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/xan⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/xoŋ¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɦən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/fen¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/fen¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɐŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/huŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/wɐŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hɔŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/huŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ɔŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hoŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hɔŋ³¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦwəŋ/▼

Rime
Character	弘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	登 (130)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡肱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwəŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷəŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuəŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwəŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣuəŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣuəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣwəŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hóng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤəŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷɯːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	弘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hóng
Middle Chinese	‹ hwong ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˤəŋ/
English	vast
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	弘
Reading #	1/1
No.	5130
Phonetic component	弘
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	弘
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷɯːŋ/

Definitions

弘

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Compounds

函弘
寬弘／宽弘
弘化

弘大
弘揚／弘扬 (hóngyáng)
弘法 (hóngfǎ)

弘道 (hóngdào)
弘量

Japanese

Kanji

弘

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

Goon: ぐ (gu)

Kan’on: こう (kō)

Kun: ひろい (hiroi, 弘い); ひろまる (hiromaru, 弘まる); ひろめる (hiromeru, 弘める)

Compounds

弘 (ぐ)誓 (ぜい) (guzei)
弘 (ぐ)法 (ほう) (guhō, “mission”)
弘 (こう)遠 (えん) (kōen)
弘済会 (こうさいかい) (kōsaikai, “an association of wide relief”)
弘大 (こうだい) (kōdai, “wide”)
弘 (こう)道 (どう) (kōdō, “mission”)
弘 (こう)布 (ふ) (kōfu, “ぐぶ”), 弘 (ぐ)布 (ぶ) (gubu, “spread”)
弘 (こう)報 (ほう) (kōhō, “publicity”)

Proper noun

弘 (hiragana ひろし, rōmaji Hiroshi)

A male given name

弘 (hiragana ひろむ, rōmaji Hiromu)

A male given name

Korean

Hanja

弘 • (hong) (hangeul 홍, revised hong, McCune–Reischauer hong, Yale hong)

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Vietnamese

Han character

弘 (hoằng, ngoằng)

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