建築

See also: 建筑

Chinese

		to establish; to found; to set up to establish; to found; to set up; to build; to construct	build; five-string lute
trad. (建築)		建	築
simp. (建筑)		建	筑

Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 建築 (けんちく) (kenchiku, “building”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiànzhù, jiànzhú

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄨˋ, ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gin³ zuk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kien-chuk / kian-chuk
Min Dong (BUC): gióng-dé̤ṳk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kiàn-tiok / kiàn-tio̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): giêng⁶ dog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): ji tsoq (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: jiànzhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄨˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiannjuh
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
  - Pinyin: jiànzhú
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄨˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiannjwu
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    建築／建筑
    箭竹
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gin³ zuk¹
  - Yale: gin jūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gin³ dzuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: gin³ zug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kiːn³³ t͡sʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kien-chuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: gien zug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian⁴ zug⁵
  - IPA: /ki̯en⁵⁵ t͡suk̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kian-chuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: gian zug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gian⁴ zug⁵
  - IPA: /ki̯an⁵⁵ t͡suk̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gióng-dé̤ṳk
  - IPA ^(key): /kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(t-)nøyʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàn-tiok
  - Tâi-lô: kiàn-tiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kierndiog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ tiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Penang): /kiɛn²¹⁻³³ tiɔk̚³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tiɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàn-tio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: kiàn-tio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kierndiok
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: giêng⁶ dog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiĕng tok
  - IPA ^(key): /kieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ji tsoq (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³³ t͡sʊʔ⁴⁴/

Verb

建築

to build; to construct; to erect (of buildings and structures)

Synonyms

建設／建设 (jiànshè)
建造 (jiànzào)

Noun

建築

(countable) building; structure; edifice (Classifier: 座)
(uncountable) construction; building
建築工人 / 建筑工人 ― jiànzhù gōngrén ― construction worker
(countable, uncountable) architecture (Classifier: 座)
佛教建築 / 佛教建筑 ― fójiào jiànzhù ― Buddhist architecture

古代建築 / 古代建筑 ― gǔdài jiànzhù ― ancient architecture

Derived terms

Derived terms from 建築

上層建築／上层建筑 (shàngcéng jiànzhù)
建材 (jiàncái)
建築學／建筑学 (jiànzhùxué)
建築工地／建筑工地 (jiànzhù gōngdì)
建築師／建筑师 (jiànzhùshī)
建築房屋互助協會／建筑房屋互助协会 (jiànzhù fángwū hùzhù xiéhuì)

建築材料／建筑材料 (jiànzhù cáiliào)
建築業／建筑业 (jiànzhùyè)
建築物／建筑物 (jiànzhùwù)
建築群／建筑群 (jiànzhùqún)
建築面積／建筑面积 (jiànzhù miànjī)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
建	築
けん Grade: 4	ちく Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) けんちく [kèńchíkú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
- IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕi̥kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

建築 (hiragana けんちく, rōmaji kenchiku)

architecture

Verb

建築する (hiragana けんちくする, rōmaji kenchiku suru)

to build; to construct

Conjugation

Conjugation of "建築する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	建築し	けんちくし	kenchiku shi
Continuative (連用形)	建築し	けんちくし	kenchiku shi
Terminal (終止形)	建築する	けんちくする	kenchiku suru
Attributive (連体形)	建築する	けんちくする	kenchiku suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	建築すれ	けんちくすれ	kenchiku sure
Imperative (命令形)	建築せよ¹ 建築しろ²	けんちくせよ¹ けんちくしろ²	kenchiku seyo¹ kenchiku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	建築される	けんちくされる	kenchiku sareru
Causative	建築させる建築さす	けんちくさせるけんちくさす	kenchiku saseru kenchiku sasu
Potential	建築できる	けんちくできる	kenchiku dekiru
Volitional	建築しよう	けんちくしよう	kenchiku shiyō
Negative	建築しない	けんちくしない	kenchiku shinai
Negative continuative	建築せず	けんちくせず	kenchiku sezu
Formal	建築します	けんちくします	kenchiku shimasu
Perfective	建築した	けんちくした	kenchiku shita
Conjunctive	建築して	けんちくして	kenchiku shite
Hypothetical conditional	建築すれば	けんちくすれば	kenchiku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Descendants

→ Chinese: 建築
→ Korean: 건축 (geonchuk)
→ Vietnamese: kiến trúc

References

↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
↑ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
建	築

Noun

建築 • (geonchuk, McCune-Reischauer: kŏnch'uk, Yale: kenchwuk) (hangeul 건축)

Hanja form^? of 건축 (“architecture”).

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN