宅

宅	U+5B85, 宅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B85

← 宄
[U+5B84]

CJK Unified Ideographs

宆 →
[U+5B86]

Translingual

Han character

宅 (radical 40, 宀+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 十竹心 (JHP), four-corner 3071₄, composition ⿱宀乇)

References

KangXi: page 281, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7064

Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 19

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 913, character 3

Unihan data for U+5B85

Chinese

simp. and trad.		宅
alt. forms		厇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乇) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
咤	ʔr'aː, ʔr'aːɡs
吒	*ʔr'aːɡs
灹	*ʔr'aːɡs
矺	ʔr'aːɡs, ʔl'aːb, ʔl'aːɡ, l̥ʰaːɡ, *ʔr'eːɡ
奼	ʔr'aːɡs, hr'aːʔ, *ʔl'aːɡs
侘	hr'aː, hr'aːɡs
詫	*hr'aːɡs
秅	r'aː, ʔl'aːɡs
秺	*ʔl'aːɡs
亳	*blaːɡ
托	*l̥ʰaːɡ
託	*l̥ʰaːɡ
魠	*l̥ʰaːɡ
馲	l̥ʰaːɡ, raːɡ, *ʔr'aːɡ
侂	*l̥ʰaːɡ
飥	*l̥ʰaːɡ
仛	*l'aːɡ
虴	*pr'aːɡ
杔	*ʔr'aːɡ
乇	*ʔr'aːɡ
宅	*r'aːɡ
厇	*ʔr'eːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *r'aːɡ) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 乇 (OC *ʔr'aːɡ).

Etymology

“someone who stays at home”: Orthographic borrowing from Japanese お宅 (otaku).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhái, zhè (zhai², zhe⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄞˊ, ㄓㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak⁶, zaak^6-2
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhe̍t
Min Nan (POJ): tia̍k / te̍k / the̍h / the̍eh

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhái
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˊ
  - Wade–Giles: chai²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jair
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhè
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chê⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeh
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹/

Note:

zhái - vernacular;
zhè - literary.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaak⁶, zaak^6-2
  - Yale: jaahk, jáak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak⁹, dzaak^9-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: zag⁶, zag²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑːk̚²/, /t͡sɑːk̚²⁻³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhe̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: ced
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ced⁶
  - IPA: /t͡sʰet̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: te̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ti̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dek
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: the̍h
  - Tâi-lô: the̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: teh
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰeʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰeʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: the̍eh
  - Tâi-lô: the̍eh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɛʔ¹²¹/

Note: tia̍k/te̍k - literary, the̍h/the̍eh - vernacular.

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 宅
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂai³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂai²⁴/ /t͡sai²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡sai⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂei⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂe⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂɛ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sei²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡sɨ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡sə¹³/ /ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sai⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰe³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰɛ²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡sə³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡səʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡sɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡saʔ⁵⁴/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/t͡saʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/zaʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/zɑʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/zɑ²/
	Wenzhou	/d͡za²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰɛ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sʰa¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sʰə²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰæ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰet̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sak̚²/
	Nanning	/t͡sak̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sak̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/tik̚⁵/ /tʰik̚⁵/ /tʰeʔ⁵/ 厝～
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/tʰɛiʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/tɛ⁴²/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/tʰeʔ⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/t͡sai²¹³/

Middle Chinese: /ɖˠæk̚/▼

Rime
Character	宅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	瑒伯切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖaɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/ȡɐk̚/
Wang Li	/ȡɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhé

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-tˤ<r>ak/

(Zhengzhang): /*r'aːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	宅
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhái
Middle Chinese	‹ dræk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-tˤ<r>ak/
English	residence
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	宅
Reading #	1/1
No.	16929
Phonetic component	乇
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*r'aːɡ/

Definitions

宅

residence; dwelling; house; home
住宅 ― zhùzhái ― residence
^† tomb; grave
^† to reside; to dwell
to place
宅心仁厚 ― zháixīn rénhòu ― to settle the mind with benevolence and generosity
(slang) Describing someone who prefers to stay at home rather than go outside; a homebody

Compounds

乾宅／干宅
住宅 (zhùzhái)
住宅區／住宅区 (zhùzháiqū)
住宅單元／住宅单元
住宅旅社
倒宅計／倒宅计
光宅
入宅
內宅／内宅
凶宅 (xiōngzhái)
卜宅
合宅
國宅／国宅
國民住宅／国民住宅
坤宅
外宅
宅兆
宅券 (zháiquàn)
宅土
宅地 (zháidì)
宅基
宅女 (zháinǚ)
宅子 (zháizi)

宅心
宅心仁厚
宅心仁慈
宅心忠厚
宅憂／宅忧
宅男 (zháinán)
宅相
宅眷
宅第 (zháidì)
宅經／宅经
宅門／宅门 (zháimén)
宅院 (zháiyuàn)
安宅
安宅正路
家反宅亂／家反宅乱
家翻宅亂／家翻宅乱
寸田尺宅
平價住宅／平价住宅
府宅 (fǔzhái)
徙宅忘妻
拔宅
拔宅上昇／拔宅上升
拔宅飛昇／拔宅飞升

拔濟火宅／拔济火宅
故宅
正宅
民宅 (mínzhái)
泛宅
浮家泛宅
淨宅／净宅
深宅大院
漆宅
火宅
火宅僧
率土宅心
窟宅
第宅
綴宅／缀宅
貧民住宅／贫民住宅
農宅／农宅
避宅
鎮宅神／镇宅神
陰宅／阴宅
陽宅／阳宅
魂不守宅

Japanese

Kanji

宅

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

home

Readings

Goon: じゃく (jaku)
Kan’on: たく (taku, Jōyō)
Kun: いえ (ie, 宅); すまう (sumau); やけ (yake, 宅)

Kanji in this term
宅
たく Grade: 6
on’yomi

Noun

宅 (hiragana たく, rōmaji taku)

home
husband

Korean

Hanja

宅 • (daek, taek) (hangeul 댁, 택, revised daek, taek, McCune–Reischauer taek, t'aek)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

宅 (trạch)

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