地獄

See also: 地狱

Chinese

		earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly	prison
trad. (地獄)		地	獄
simp. (地狱)		地	狱

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dìyù

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dei⁶ juk⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thi-ngiu̍k
Min Nan (POJ): tē-ge̍k / tōe-ge̍k / tē-ga̍k / tōe-ga̍k / tē-gio̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: dìyù
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dihyiw
  - IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    地域
    地獄／地狱
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: dei⁶ juk⁶
  - Yale: deih yuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dei⁶ juk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: déi⁶ yug⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /tei̯²² jʊk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi-ngiu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: ti ngiug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ti⁴ ngiug⁶
  - IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵ ɲi̯uk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-ge̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tē-gi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dexgek
  - IPA (Xiamen): /te²²⁻²¹ giɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ giɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe-ge̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tuē-gi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doexgek
  - IPA (Taipei): /tue³³⁻¹¹ giɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-ga̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tē-ga̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dexgak
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ gak̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹⁻²² gak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe-ga̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tuē-ga̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doexgak
  - IPA (Taipei): /tue³³⁻¹¹ gak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-gio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tē-gio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dexgiok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ giɔk̚¹²¹/

Noun

地獄

(religion) hell; underworld; inferno

Antonyms

天堂 (tiāntáng)

Derived terms

下地獄／下地狱
人間地獄／人间地狱 (rénjiān dìyù)
十八層地獄／十八层地狱
我不入地獄，誰入地獄／我不入地狱，谁入地狱 (wǒ bù rù dìyù, shéi rù dìyù)
拔舌地獄／拔舌地狱

活地獄／活地狱
酒食地獄／酒食地狱
阿呼地獄／阿呼地狱
阿鼻地獄／阿鼻地狱

Japanese

Kanji in this term
地	獄
じ Grade: 2	ごく Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 地獄 (diɪᴴ ŋɨok̚), literally “(under)ground prison”). Compare modern Min Nan reading tē-gio̍k, or Hakka thi-ngiu̍k.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) じごく [jìgókúꜜ] (Odaka – [o])^[1]^[2]^[3]
- (Tokyo) じごく [jìgókú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[3]
- IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

地獄 (hiragana じごく, rōmaji jigoku, historical hiragana ぢごく)

hell, Hell: an unpleasant afterworld where the souls of the wicked are punished
地獄 (じごく)に堕 (お)ちる
jigoku ni ochiru
to fall into hell; to go to hell
- 1999 March 1, “ヘルゲート・ディーグ [Hellgate Deeg]”, in BOOSTER 1 (in Japanese), Konami:
  おなかに地 (じ)獄 (ごく)へ通 (つう)じる扉 (とびら)があり、召 (しょう)還 (かん)もできる不 (ふ)気 (き)味 (み)なモンスター。
  Onaka ni jigoku e tsūjiru tobira ga ari, shōkan mo dekiru fukimi na monsutā.
  A weird monster that can summon allies through the gateway to hell on its belly.

Compounds

地獄道 (じごくどう) (jigokudō): (Buddhism): Hell; one of the six planes of existence in the cycle of samsara.

Synonyms

奈落 (ならく) (naraku): (Buddhism): hell

Antonyms

天国 (てんごく) (tengoku): heaven
天 (てん)上 (じょう) (tenjō): heaven
浄 (じょう)土 (ど) (jōdo): the Pure Land

References

1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1 2 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
地	獄

Noun

地獄 • (jiok) (hangeul 지옥)

Hanja form^? of 지옥 (“hell”).

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[DJR-1] 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 1 2 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN