ἀήρ

See also: αήρ and Appendix:Variations of "aer"

Ancient Greek

Beekes gives Proto-Hellenic *auhḗr (“morning mist”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsḗr, from *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”). Cognate with αὔρᾱ (aúrā) (< *h₂éwsreh₂), Latin aurōra.^[1] The a was lengthened to ā by compensatory lengthening.
Sihler gives Proto-Hellenic *āwḗr (“morning mist”) but provides no further etymology.^[2]^[3]

ᾱ̓ήρ • (āḗr) m (genitive ᾱ̓έρος); third declension

Third declension of ὁ ᾱ̓ήρ; τοῦ ᾱ̓έρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ ᾱ̓ήρ ho āḗr
Genitive	τοῦ ᾱ̓έρος toû āéros
Dative	τῷ ᾱ̓έρῐ tôi āéri
Accusative	τὸν ᾱ̓έρᾰ tòn āéra
Vocative	ᾱ̓ήρ āḗr
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ᾱ̓ήρ; ἠέρος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ᾱ̓ήρ āḗr
Genitive	ἠέρος ēéros
Dative	ἠέρῐ ēéri
Accusative	ἠέρᾰ ēéra
Vocative	ᾱ̓ήρ āḗr
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ᾱ̓ήρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 27
↑ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 54
↑ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 284 A

ἀήρ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἀήρ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἀήρ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἀήρ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G109 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
ἀήρ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- air idem, page 21.
- atmosphere idem, page 49.
- climate idem, page 137.
- weather idem, page 971.
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press

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