گل

See also: كل‎ and کل‎

Laki

Noun

گل (transliteration needed)

flower

Mazanderani

Noun

گل (gal)

mouse

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (gol).

Noun

گل • (gül)

rose

Persian

Etymology 1

گل

From late Middle Persian gwl (gul, “rose, flower”), from Old Persian *vr̥da- () (compare Iranian borrowings Old Armenian վարդ (vard), and possibly Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (see it for more), which yielded English rose), from Proto-Iranian *wṛda- (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀‎ (varəδa), Sogdian [Term?] (/ward/), Parthian wʾr‎ (wār)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰo- (“sweetbriar”) (compare Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Old English word (“thornbush”)). Ultimately probably from Proto-Indo-European *HweRdʰ- (“to grow (large/strong)”) (attested only in Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwardʰ- (“to grow”)).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡʊl]
(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡol]

Noun

Dari Persian	گل‎
Iranian Persian	گل‎
Tajiki Persian	гул (gul)

گل • (gol) (plural گل‌ها‎ (gol-hâ))

(archaic, literature) rose
- 940-1020, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh
  
  ‏‎
  zan-i šēr az ān nāma-i šahryār
  ču raxšanda-gul šud ba waqt-i bahār
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 1325–1389, Hafez, Divan
  
  ‏‎
  subhdam murğ-i sahar bā gul-i naw-xāsta guft
  nāz kam kun ki dar īn bāğ basē čun tu šikuft
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
flower
the center of watermelon which is the sweetest part

Synonyms

(rose): گل سرخ‎ (gol-e sorx), رز‎ (roz)

Derived terms

Terms derived from

ترگل‎ (targol)
نارگل‎ (nârgol)
نازگل‎ (nâzgol)
گلاب‎ (golâb)
گلبرگ‎ (golbarg)
گلدان‎ (goldân)

گلزار‎ (golzâr)
گلستان‎ (golestân)
گل سرخ‎ (gol-e sorx)
گلشن‎ (golšan)
گل و بلبل‎ (gol-o-bolbol)

گلپر‎ (golpar)
گلچه‎ (golče)
گل کلم‎ (gol-e kalam)
گل‌کاری‎ (gol-kâri)
گل‌گلی‎ (gol-goli)

Descendants

→ Arabic: جُلّ‎ (jull)
→ Azerbaijani: gül
→ Bashkir: гөл (göl)
→ Bengali: গুল (gul)
→ Hindustani:
- Hindi: गुल (gul)
- Urdu: گل‎ (gul)
→ Kazakh: гүл (gül)
→ Kurdish:
- Kurmanji: gul
- Sorani: گوڵ‎ (guł)
→ Kyrgyz: гүл (gül)
→ Ottoman Turkish: گل‎ (gül)
- Turkish: gül
- → Serbo-Croatian: ђул / đul
→ Pashto: ګل‎ (gul)
→ Punjabi: ਗੁਲ (gul) / گل‎ (gul)
→ Sindhi: گل‎ (gulu)
→ Turkmen: gül
→ Uyghur: گۈل‎ (gül)
→ Uzbek: gul

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian TYNA / gl (gil).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ɡɪl/
(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ɡel/, [ɡʲel]

Noun

Dari Persian	گل‎
Iranian Persian	گل‎
Tajiki Persian	гил (gil)

گل • (gel) (plural گل‌ها‎ (gel-hâ))

Derived terms

Terms derived from

کاه‌گل‎ (kâh-gel)
کاه‌گلی‎ (kâh-geli)
گل لگد کردن‎ (gel lagad kardan)

گل و لای‎ (gel-o-lây)
گلی‎ (geli)

گل‌آلود‎ (gel-âlud)
گل‌مالی‎ (gel-mâli)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “gil”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 36

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English goal.

Pronunciation

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡol]

Noun

Dari Persian	گل‎
Iranian Persian	گل‎
Tajiki Persian	гол (gol)

گل • (gol) (plural گل‌ها‎ (gol-hâ))

(sports) goal

Derived terms

Terms derived from

پرگل‎ (por-gol)
گل خوردن‎ (gol xordan)

گل زدن‎ (gol zadan)
گل کوچیک‎ (gol kučik)

گل‌زن‎ (gol-zan)
گل‌نزن‎ (gol-nazan)

Urdu

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit गल (gala).

Noun

گل • (gal) m (Hindi spelling गल)

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit गल् (gal).

Noun

گل • (gal) m (Hindi spelling गल)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Persian .

Noun

گل • (gil) f (Hindi spelling गिल)

earth, mud, silt, clay
bole

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Persian .

Noun

گل • (gul) m (Hindi spelling गुल)

flower
rose

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