نفس

See also: نقس

Arabic

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Etymology 1

From the root ن ف س (n-f-s).

Verb

نَفُسَ (nafusa) I, non-past يَنْفُسُ‎ (yanfusu)

  1. to be priceless, to be precious, to be valuable
Conjugation
References
  • Wehr, Hans (1976), نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Verb

نَفِسَ (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ‎ (yanfasu)

  1. to be niggardly, to be stingy, to be sparing
Conjugation
References
  • Wehr, Hans (1976), نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Verb

نَفِسَ (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ‎ (yanfasu)

  1. to envy, to begrudge
Conjugation
References
  • Wehr, Hans (1976), نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Verb

نَفِسَ • (nafisa) I, non-past يَنْفَسُ‎ (yanfasu)


نُفِسَ (nufisa) I, non-past يُنْفَسُ‎ (yunfasu)

  1. to be in childbed
Conjugation
References
  • Wehr, Hans (1976), نفس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Verb

نَفَّسَ (naffasa) II, non-past يُنَفِّسُ‎ (yunaffisu)

  1. to comfort, to cheer up, to reassure, to appease
  2. to relieve, to dispel, to banish
  3. to air, to vent
  4. to uncover, to reveal, to voice
  5. to cease, to desist
  6. to let out air
  7. to be in childbed
Conjugation

Etymology 2

From Proto-Semitic [Term?]. Cognate with Hebrew נֶפֶשׁ (néfesh), Akkadian 𒍣 (napištu, ZI, throat, life), Aramaic נַפְשָׁא/ܢܲܦܫܵܐ (nap̄šā), Ugaritic 𐎐𐎔𐎌 (npš).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nafs/

Noun

نَفْس (nafs) f (plural نُفُوس (nufūs) or أَنْفُس (ʾanfus))

  1. self
    1. (plural أَنْفُس (ʾanfus)) in idafa with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
      نَفْسُهُnafsuhuhimself
      1. (plural أَنْفُس (ʾanfus)) as reflexive
        قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُqatala nafsahuHe killed himself. [reflexive]
        رَأَيْتُ نَفْسِي فِي ٱلْمِرْآةِraʾaytu nafsī fī l-mirʾātiI saw myself in the mirror.
      2. (plural أَنْفُس (ʾanfus)) as emphatic syn.
        جَاءَنِي هُوَ نَفْسُهُ.
        jāʾanī huwa nafsuhu.
        He came to me himself or in person.
  2. same used in the construct state, with a modifying noun in the genitive, or after the noun with an enclitic pronoun attached to it
    نَفْسُ ٱلشَّيْءِnafsu š-šayʾithe same thing
    فِي نَفْسِ ٱلْيَوْمِ، فِي ٱلْيَوْمِ نَفْسِهِ
    fī nafsi l-yawmi, fī l-yawmi nafsihi
    on the same day
  3. consciousness
  4. psyche, mind
  5. spirit, soul
  6. life, breath
  7. essence, nature
  8. inclination, appetite, proclivity
  9. personal identity
Inflection
Declension
Synonyms
Derived terms
  • بِنَفْسِهِ (binafsihi, himself, in person, personally)
  • مِنْ نَفْسِهِ (min nafsihi, of his own accord)
  • نَفْسِيّ (nafsiyy)
    • نَفْسِيَّة (nafsiyya)
  • عِلْمُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (ʿilmu n-nafsi, psychology)
  • صَغِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (ṣaḡīru n-nafsi, base-minded, low-minded, literally small of mind)
  • كَبِيرُ ٱلنَّفْسِ (kabīru n-nafsi, high-minded, proud, literally big of mind)

Noun

نَفْس (nafs) m (plural نُفُوس (nufūs) or أَنْفُس (ʾanfus))

  1. living creature, living being, human being, person
Declension

Noun

نَفَس (nafas) m (plural أَنْفَاس (ʾanfās))

  1. verbal noun of نَفِسَ (nafisa) (form I)
  2. verbal noun of نَفُسَ (nafusa) (form I)
  3. breath
  4. puff, draw (of smoke)
  5. gulp, draught
  6. freedom, liberty, convenience, discretion
Declension
Descendants

Persian

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَفَس (nafas).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [næˈfæs]

Noun

نفس (nafas) (plural نفس‌ها (nafas-hâ) or انفاس (anfâs))

  1. breath
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَفْس (nafs).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [næfs], [næːfs]

Noun

نفس (nafs) (plural نفس‌ها (nafs-hâ) or نفوس (nofus))

  1. soul, self
  2. psyche
  3. spirit, mind
  4. personal identity
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