τόσος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

τόσσος (tóssos) – Epic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *totsos, from *totyos, from Proto-Indo-European *toti, adverb from *só. Cognate with Latin tot.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tó.sos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈto.sos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈto.sos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈto.sos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈto.sos/

Pronoun

τόσος • (tósos)

so much, so very, so great
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.528
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.410
- 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 680
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 866
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.546
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.321
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.100
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.144
- 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 705
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.213
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.379
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.80
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.686
- 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 711
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 277
- 375 BCE – 275 BCE, Alexis 187.1
Synonym of ὅσος (hósos)
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 4.5
- 500 BCE – 400 BCE, Bacchylides, Collected Works 15.11

Inflection

First and second declension of τόσος; τόση; τόσον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	τόσος tósos	τόση tósē	τόσον tóson	τόσω tósō	τόσᾱ tósā	τόσω tósō	τόσοι tósoi	τόσαι tósai	τόσᾰ tósa
Genitive	τόσου tósou	τόσης tósēs	τόσου tósou	τόσοιν tósoin	τόσαιν tósain	τόσοιν tósoin	τόσων tósōn	τόσων tósōn	τόσων tósōn
Dative	τόσῳ tósōi	τόσῃ tósēi	τόσῳ tósōi	τόσοιν tósoin	τόσαιν tósain	τόσοιν tósoin	τόσοις tósois	τόσαις tósais	τόσοις tósois
Accusative	τόσον tóson	τόσην tósēn	τόσον tóson	τόσω tósō	τόσᾱ tósā	τόσω tósō	τόσους tósous	τόσᾱς tósās	τόσᾰ tósa
Vocative	τόσε tóse	τόση tósē	τόσον tóson	τόσω tósō	τόσᾱ tósā	τόσω tósō	τόσοι tósoi	τόσαι tósai	τόσᾰ tósa
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	τόσως tósōs			τοσώτερος tosṓteros			τοσώτᾰτος tosṓtatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Terms derived from τόσος (tósos)

ἐκ τόσου (ek tósou)
ἐς τόσον (es tóson)

ὅσῳ μᾶλλον...τόσῳ (hósōi mâllon...tósōi)
τόσον (tóson)

τόσως (tósōs)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	τίς	τις	†ὁ, οὗτος	ὅδε	ἐκεῖνος	ὅς	ὅστις	ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός	ἕτερος, ἄλλος
dual	πότερος	πότερος, ποτερός				ὁπότερος
quality	ποῖος	ποιός	†τοῖος, τοιοῦτος	τοιόσδε		οἷος	ὁποῖος	ὅμοιος	ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος
quantity	πόσος	ποσός	†τόσος, τοσοῦτος	τοσόσδε		ὅσος	ὁπόσος
manner	πῶς	πως	†τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως	ὧδε		ὡς	ὅπως	ὁμῶς	ἑτέρως, ἄλλως
method, path place	πῇ	πῃ	τῇ, ταύτῃ	τῇδε	ἐκείνῃ	ᾗ	ὅπῃ		ἄλλῃ
place	ποῦ, †πόθι	που, †ποθί	ἐνταῦθα		ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι	οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι	ὅπου, †ὁπόθι	αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ	ἄλλοθι
source	πόθεν	ποθέν	†τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν		ἐκεῖθεν	ὅθεν	ὁπόθεν	†ὁμόθεν	ἄλλοθεν
destination	ποῖ, †πόσε	ποι	ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα	ἐνθάδε	ἐκεῖσε	οἷ	ὅποι, †ὁπόσε	αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε	ἄλλοσε
time	πότε, πῆμος	ποτέ	τότε, τῆμος	τημόσδε		ὅτε, ἦμος	ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος	ἅμα	ἄλλοτε
exact time	πηνίκα	πηνίκα	†τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα	τηνικάδε		ἡνίκα	ὁπηνίκα	αὐτίκα
size, age	πηλίκος	πηλίκος	†τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος	τηλικόσδε		ἡλίκος	ὁπηλίκος	ὁμῆλιξ
repetition	ποσάκις, ποσίνδα	ποσάκις	τουτάκις, τόσακις			†ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις	ὁποσάκις
multiplication	ποσαπλάσιος					ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων
order	πόστος	ποστός					ὁπόστος
† Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions.

References

τόσος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
τόσος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
τόσος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
τόσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
τόσος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
τόσος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- big idem, page 78.
- great idem, page 372.
- large idem, page 476.
- much idem, page 545.
- such idem, page 834.
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

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