fume

See also: fumé and fumê

English

Etymology

From Middle English, from Old French fum (“smoke, steam, vapour”), from Latin fūmus (“vapour, smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). More at dun, dusk, dust.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /fjuːm/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːm

Noun

fume (plural fumes)

  1. A gas or vapour/vapor that smells strongly or is dangerous to inhale.
    Don't stand around in there breathing the fumes while the adhesive cures.
    • T. Warton
      the fumes of new shorn hay
  2. A material that has been vaporized from the solid or liquid state to the gas state and re-coalesced to the solid state.
    Lead fume is a greyish powder, mainly comprising lead sulfate.
  3. Rage or excitement which deprives the mind of self-control.
    the fumes of passion
    (Can we find and add a quotation of South to this entry?)
  4. Anything unsubstantial or airy; idle conceit; vain imagination.
    • Francis Bacon
      a show of fumes and fancies
  5. The incense of praise; inordinate flattery.
    • Burton
      to smother him with fumes and eulogies

Usage notes

  • In the sense of strong-smelling or dangerous vapor, the noun is typically plural, as in the example.

Translations

Verb

fume (third-person singular simple present fumes, present participle fuming, simple past and past participle fumed)

  1. To emit fumes.
    • Milton
      where the golden altar fumed
    • Roscommon
      Silenus lay, / Whose constant cups lay fuming to his brain.
  2. To expose something (especially wood) to ammonia fumes in order to produce dark tints.
  3. To feel or express great anger.
    He's still fuming about the argument they had yesterday.
    • Dryden
      He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground.
    • Sir Walter Scott
      Her mother did fret, and her father did fume.
  4. To be as in a mist; to be dulled and stupefied.
    • Shakespeare
      Keep his brain fuming.
  5. To pass off in fumes or vapours.
    • Cheyne
      Their parts are kept from fuming away by their fixity.

Translations

Asturian

Verb

fume

  1. first-person singular present subjunctive of fumar
  2. third-person singular present subjunctive of fumar

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [fym]

Verb

fume

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fumer
  2. third-person singular present indicative of fumer
  3. first-person singular present subjunctive of fumer
  4. third-person singular present subjunctive of fumer
  5. second-person singular imperative of fumer

Anagrams

Galician

Verb

fume

  1. first-person singular present subjunctive of fumar
  2. third-person singular present subjunctive of fumar

Latin

Noun

fūme

  1. vocative singular of fūmus

Portuguese

Pronunciation

Verb

fume

  1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of fumar
  2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of fumar
  3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of fumar
  4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of fumar

Spanish

Verb

fume

  1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of fumar.
  2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of fumar.
  3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of fumar.
  4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of fumar.

Tarantino

Noun

fume

  1. smoke
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