bouter
French
Etymology
From Middle French bouter, from Old French bouter (“to strike, push”), of Germanic origin, from Low Frankish bōtan (“to push, strike, beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to beat, strike, hew”). Cognate with Old High German bōzzan (“to beat”), Old English bēatan (“to thrash, beat”), Old Norse bauta (“to beat”). Compare also Spanish botar. More at beat.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bu.te/
Verb
bouter
Conjugation
Conjugation of bouter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | bouter | avoir bouté | |||||
| gerund | en boutant | en ayant bouté | |||||
| present participle | boutant /bu.tɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | bouté /bu.te/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | boute /but/ |
boutes /but/ |
boute /but/ |
boutons /bu.tɔ̃/ |
boutez /bu.te/ |
boutent /but/ |
| imperfect | boutais /bu.tɛ/ |
boutais /bu.tɛ/ |
boutait /bu.tɛ/ |
boutions /bu.tjɔ̃/ |
boutiez /bu.tje/ |
boutaient /bu.tɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | boutai /bu.te/ |
boutas /bu.ta/ |
bouta /bu.ta/ |
boutâmes /bu.tam/ |
boutâtes /bu.tat/ |
boutèrent /bu.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | bouterai /bu.tʁe/ |
bouteras /bu.tʁa/ |
boutera /bu.tʁa/ |
bouterons /bu.tʁɔ̃/ |
bouterez /bu.tʁe/ |
bouteront /bu.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | bouterais /bu.tʁɛ/ |
bouterais /bu.tʁɛ/ |
bouterait /bu.tʁɛ/ |
bouterions /bu.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
bouteriez /bu.tə.ʁje/ |
bouteraient /bu.tʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | boute /but/ |
boutes /but/ |
boute /but/ |
boutions /bu.tjɔ̃/ |
boutiez /bu.tje/ |
boutent /but/ |
| imperfect1 | boutasse /bu.tas/ |
boutasses /bu.tas/ |
boutât /bu.ta/ |
boutassions /bu.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
boutassiez /bu.ta.sje/ |
boutassent /bu.tas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | boute /but/ |
— | boutons /bu.tɔ̃/ |
boutez /bu.te/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Further reading
- “bouter” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
Norman
Etymology
From Old French bouter, of Germanic origin.
Verb
bouter
Old French
Verb
bouter
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ts, *-tt are modified to z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of bouter (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | bouter | avoir bouté | |||||
| gerund | en boutant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | boutant | ||||||
| past participle | bouté | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | bout | boutes | boute | boutons | boutez | boutent |
| imperfect | boutoie, bouteie, boutoe, bouteve | boutoies, bouteies, boutoes, bouteves | boutoit, bouteit, boutot, bouteve | boutiiens, boutiens | boutiiez, boutiez | boutoient, bouteient, boutoent, boutevent | |
| preterite | boutai | boutas | bouta | boutames | boutastes | bouterent | |
| future | bouterai | bouteras | boutera | bouterons | bouteroiz, boutereiz, bouterez | bouteront | |
| conditional | bouteroie, boutereie | bouteroies, boutereies | bouteroit, boutereit | bouteriiens, bouteriens | bouteriiez, bouteriez | bouteroient, boutereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | bout | bouz | bout | boutons | boutez | boutent |
| imperfect | boutasse | boutasses | boutast | boutissons, boutissiens | boutissoiz, boutissez, boutissiez | boutassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | boute | — | boutons | boutez | — | ||
Descendants
- French: bouter
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (bouter)
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