-очка

Russian

Etymology

Originally a double diminutive Proto-Slavic *-ъčьka formed from *-ъka + *-ьka.

Suffix

-очка • (-očka)

(added to (normally feminine) nouns, forms diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning)
ва́нна (vánna, “bathtub”) → ва́нночка (vánnočka, “small bathtub”)

звезда́ (zvezdá, “star”) → звёздочка (zvjózdočka, “small star; asterisk; sprocket”)
(added to nouns and adjectives, forms colloquial nouns referring to women with endearing qualities)
ми́лый (mílyj, “dear”) → ми́лочка (míločka, “my dear, darling (referring to a woman; pejorative)”)

сексапи́л (sɛksapíl, “sex appeal”) → сексапи́лочка (sɛksapíločka, “sexy babe, sexy woman (slang, colloquial, obsolete)”)

Usage notes

Note the following properties:

If the stress is on the ending, it is drawn onto the preceding syllable. Unstressed е may turn into ё when stressed.
звезда́ (zvezdá, “star”) → звёздочка (zvjózdočka, “starlet; asterisk; sprocket”)
Most occurrences of -очка (-očka) still result from adding diminutive -ка (-ka) to a word already ending in -ка (-ka), rather than by directly adding the independent suffix -очка (-očka).
вода́ (vodá, “water”) → во́дка (vódka, “vodka”) → во́дочка (vódočka, “(small or endearing) vodka”); not derived directly from вода́ (vodá)

Derived terms

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Russian_words_suffixed_with_-%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0'>Russian words suffixed with -очка</a>

Related terms

-ка (-ka)
-о́к (-ók)

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