返す

See also: 返る

Japanese

Kanji in this term
返
かえ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かえす [káꜜèsù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ka̠e̞sɨᵝ]

Verb

返す (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana かえす, rōmaji kaesu, historical hiragana かへす)

to return (something)
(suffix) to repeat, to redo

Conjugation

Conjugation of "返す" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	返さ	かえさ	kaesa
Continuative (連用形)	返し	かえし	kaeshi
Terminal (終止形)	返す	かえす	kaesu
Attributive (連体形)	返す	かえす	kaesu
Hypothetical (仮定形)	返せ	かえせ	kaese
Imperative (命令形)	返せ	かえせ	kaese
Key constructions
Passive	返される	かえされる	kaesareru
Causative	返させる返さす	かえさせるかえさす	kaesaseru kaesasu
Potential	返せる	かえせる	kaeseru
Volitional	返そう	かえそう	kaesō
Negative	返さない	かえさない	kaesanai
Negative continuative	返さず	かえさず	kaesazu
Formal	返します	かえします	kaeshimasu
Perfective	返した	かえした	kaeshita
Conjunctive	返して	かえして	kaeshite
Hypothetical conditional	返せば	かえせば	kaeseba

References

↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
↑ 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

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