給う

Japanese

Kanji in this term
給
たま Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) たまう [tàmáꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [ta̠ma̠ɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

給う (godan conjugation, hiragana たまう, rōmaji tamau)

An auxiliary verb used for politeness. Used primarily by males.

Usage notes

Used especially in the imperative tense to form commands. It is attached to the continuative form of a verb and is often spelled in hiragana.
こちらへ来 (き)たまえ。
Kochira e kitamae.
Come here.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "給う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	給わ	たまわ	tamawa
Continuative (連用形)	給い	たまい	tamai
Terminal (終止形)	給う	たまう	tamau
Attributive (連体形)	給う	たまう	tamau
Hypothetical (仮定形)	給え	たまえ	tamae
Imperative (命令形)	給え	たまえ	tamae
Key constructions
Passive	給われる	たまわれる	tamawareru
Causative	給わせる給わす	たまわせるたまわす	tamawaseru tamawasu
Potential	給える	たまえる	tamaeru
Volitional	給おう	たまおう	tamaō
Negative	給わない	たまわない	tamawanai
Negative continuative	給わず	たまわず	tamawazu
Formal	給います	たまいます	tamaimasu
Perfective	給った	たまった	tamatta
Conjunctive	給って	たまって	tamatte
Hypothetical conditional	給えば	たまえば	tamaeba

References

↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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