樓蘭
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (樓蘭) | 樓 | 蘭 | |
| simp. (楼兰) | 楼 | 兰 | |
Etymology
From a name in the native language of the kingdom, possibly of the shape *Kro-ran. Compare Modern Uyghur كروران (kroran, “Loulan”), Russian Крорайна (Krorajna).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄢˊ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Loulan
- IPA (key): /loʊ̯³⁵ la̠n³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: lau4 laan4
- Yale: làuh làahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: lau4 laan4
- Guangdong Romanization: leo4 lan4
- IPA (key): /lɐu̯²¹ lɑːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 樓 | 蘭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 落侯切 | 落干切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ləu/ | /lɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ləu/ | /lɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ləu/ | /lɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ləw/ | /lan/ |
| Li Rong |
/lu/ | /lɑn/ |
| Wang Li |
/ləu/ | /lɑn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/lə̯u/ | /lɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
lóu | lán |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 蘭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
lán |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ lan › |
| Old Chinese |
/*k.rˤan/ |
| English | orchid |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 樓 | 蘭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 8453 | 6119 |
| Phonetic component |
婁 | 柬 |
| Rime group |
侯 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
樓 | 蘭 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡ·roː/ | /*ɡ·raːn/ |
Proper noun
樓蘭
- (～國) Loulan Kingdom (ancient kingdom in western China)
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