叩

叩	U+53E9, 叩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53E9

← 叨
[U+53E8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

只 →
[U+53EA]

Translingual

Han character

叩 (radical 30 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口尸中 (RSL), four-corner 6702₀, composition ⿰口卩)

knock
kowtow, bow
(archaic) to enquire; to ask

References

KangXi: page 172, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3238

Dae Jaweon: page 382, character 6

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 573, character 3

Unihan data for U+53E9

Chinese

simp. and trad.		叩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (口) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
口	*kʰoːʔ
叩	*kʰoːʔ
扣	kʰoːʔ, kʰoːs
釦	*kʰoːʔ
筘	*kʰoːs

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kòu (kou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kau³
Min Nan (POJ): khàu / khiò

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄡˋ
  - Wade–Giles: k'ou⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kow
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kau³
  - Yale: kau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: keo³
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɐu̯³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàu / khiò
  - Tâi-lô: khàu / khiò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qaux, qioix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰaʊ²¹/, /kʰio²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰaʊ⁴¹/, /kʰio⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰaʊ²¹/, /kʰio²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰaʊ¹¹/, /kʰio¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰaʊ²¹/, /kʰiɤ²¹/

Note: khàu - vernacular, khiò - literary.

Middle Chinese: /kʰəu^X/▼

Rime
Character	叩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦后切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰəu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəw^X/
Li Rong	/kʰu^X/
Wang Li	/kʰəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǒu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰˤ(r)oʔ/, /*kʰˤ(r)oʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	叩	叩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǒu	kòu
Middle Chinese	‹ khuw^X ›	‹ khuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰˤ(r)oʔ/	/*kʰˤ(r)oʔ-s/
English	strike	strike (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	叩
Reading #	1/1
No.	7491
Phonetic component	口
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	口
Old Chinese	/*kʰoːʔ/

Definitions

叩

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

三跪九叩
以莛叩鐘／以莛叩钟
叩人心弦
叩叩
叩應／叩应 (kòuyìng)
叩拜
叩見／叩见

叩謝／叩谢 (kòuxiè)
叩門／叩门 (kòumén)
叩閽／叩阍
叩關／叩关
叩頭／叩头 (kòutóu)
叩頭蟲／叩头虫

叩首
叩馬／叩马
瀝血叩心／沥血叩心
稟叩／禀叩
線上叩應／线上叩应
號天叩地／号天叩地

References

(Min Nan) “Entry #1409”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

叩

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Goon: ぐ (gu)
Kan’on: こう (kō)
Kun: たたく (tataku, 叩く)

Korean

Hanja

叩 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

叩 (khấu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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