هو

See also: Appendix:Variations of "hu"

Arabic

Etymology 1

Cognate to Hebrew הוא‎ (hu') and Aramaic הו‎ (hu).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈhʊwæ]
Audio (file)

Pronoun

هُوَ • (huwa) m

(genitive ـهُ‎ (-hu) or ـهِ‎ (-hi), accusative ـهُ‎ (-hu) or ـهِ‎ (-hi) or إِيَّاهُ‎ (ʾiyyāhu))

he (subject pronoun)
it (subject pronoun, referring to inanimate nouns of masculine gender)
هُوَ‎ (huwa) and هِيَ‎ (hiya) have copulative force:

‏اَلْوَقْت هُوَ اَلْمَال.‎‎
al-waqt huwa l-māl.
Time is money.

Isolated pronouns
		singular	dual	plural
1st person		أَنَا‎ (ʾanā), إِيَّايَ‎ (ʾiyyāya)	نَحْنُ‎ (naḥnu), إِيَّانَا‎ (ʾiyyānā)
2nd person	m	أَنْتَ‎ (ʾanta), إِيَّاكَ‎ (ʾiyyāka)	أَنْتُمَا‎ (ʾantumā), إِيَّاكُمَا‎ (ʾiyyākumā)	أَنْتُمْ‎ (ʾantum), إِيَّاكُم‎ (ʾiyyākum)
2nd person	f	أَنْتِ‎ (ʾanti), إِيَّاكِ‎ (ʾiyyāki)	أَنْتُمَا‎ (ʾantumā), إِيَّاكُمَا‎ (ʾiyyākumā)	أَنْتُنَّ‎ (ʾantunna), إِيَّاكُنَّ‎ (ʾiyyākunna)
3rd person	m	هُوَ‎ (huwa), إِيَّاهُ‎ (ʾiyyāhu)	هُمَا‎ (humā), إِيَّاهُمَا‎ (ʾiyyāhumā)	هُمْ‎ (hum), إِيَّاهُمْ‎ (ʾiyyāhum)
3rd person	f	هِيَ‎ (hiya), إِيَّاهَا‎ (ʾiyyāhā)	هُمَا‎ (humā), إِيَّاهُمَا‎ (ʾiyyāhumā)	هُنَّ‎ (hunna), إِيَّاهُنَّ‎ (ʾiyyāhunna)
Enclitic pronouns
		singular	dual	plural
1st person		ـنِي‎ (-nī), ـي‎ (-ī), ـيَ‎ (-ya)*	ـنَا‎ (-nā)
2nd person	m	ـكَ‎ (-ka)	ـكُمَا‎ (-kumā)	ـكُم‎ (-kum)
2nd person	f	ـكِ‎ (-ki)	ـكُمَا‎ (-kumā)	ـكُنَّ‎ (-kunna)
3rd person	m	ـهُ‎ (-hu), ـهِ‎ (-hi)**	ـهُمَا‎ (-humā), ـهِمَا‎ (-himā)**	ـهُم‎ (-hum), ـهِم‎ (-him)**
3rd person	f	ـهَا‎ (-hā)	ـهُمَا‎ (-humā), ـهِمَا‎ (-himā)**	ـهُنَّ‎ (-hunna), ـهِنَّ‎ (-hinna)**
* Specifically, ـنِي‎ (-nī, “me”) is attached to verbs, but ـي‎ (-ī) or ـيَ‎ (-ya, “my”) is attached to nouns. In the latter case, ـيَ‎ (-ya) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a long vowel or diphthong (e.g. in the sound masculine plural and the dual), while ـي‎ (-ī) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a short vowel, in which case that vowel is elided (e.g. in the sound feminine plural, as well as the singular and broken plural of most nouns). Furthermore, -ū of the masculine sound plural is assimilated to -ī before ـيَ‎ (-ya) (presumably, -aw of masculine defective -an plurals is similarly assimilated to -ay). Prepositions use ـِي‎ (-ī) or ـيَ‎ (-ya), even though in this case it has the meaning of “me” rather than “my”. The sisters of inna can use either form (e.g. إِنَّنِي‎ (ʾinnanī) or إِنِّي‎ (ʾinnī)), but the longer form (e.g. إِنَّنِي‎ (ʾinnanī)) is usually preferred. ** ـهِـ‎ (-hi-) occurs after -i, -ī, or -ay, and ـهُـ‎ (-hu-) elsewhere (after -a, -ā, -u, -ū, -aw).

Etymology 2

From هُوَ‎ (huwa, “it”), calqued from German Es, possibly through Latin id.

Noun

هُوَ • (huwa) m

(psychology) id

Declension

Declension of noun هُوَ (huwa)

Singular	singular invariable
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هُوَ huwa	الْهُوَ‎ al-huwa	هُوَ huwa
Nominative	هُوَ huwa	الْهُوَ‎ al-huwa	هُوَ huwa
Accusative	هُوَ huwa	الْهُوَ‎ al-huwa	هُوَ huwa
Genitive	هُوَ huwa	الْهُوَ‎ al-huwa	هُوَ huwa

References

Wehr, Hans (1979), “هو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Egyptian Arabic

Pronoun

هُوَّ • (húwwa) m (f هي‎, pl هم‎)

he (subject pronoun)

Pashto

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ho/
(Northeastern) IPA^(key): /ɑo/

Adverb

هو • (ho)

yes

Persian

Etymology

Compare Kurdish ھەو‎ (hew, “pus, inflammation”).

Noun

هو • (hū)

pus

Usage notes

Sometimes the word is read as hau, which is wrong, as proved by the Armenian descendant.

Descendants

Middle Armenian: հու (hu)

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “هو”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “հու”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 421

Tunisian Arabic

Pronoun

هُوَّ (huwwa) m (f هي‎, pl هما‎)

he (subject pronoun)

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