שבת
Aramaic
Verb
שְׁבַת • (šəḇaṯ)
Noun
שבת • (transliteration needed)
- singular construct state of שבתא
Hebrew
Etymology 1
| Root |
|---|
| שׁ־ב־ת |
Possibly from Akkadian 𒊭𒉺𒌅 (šapattu, “the middle day of the month”).
Pronunciation
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): [ʃaˈbat]
Noun
שַׁבָּת • (shabát) f (plural indefinite שַׁבָּתוֹת)
Descendants
Descendants
- Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”)
- Danish: sabbat
- Esperanto: sabato, ŝabato
- Ido: sabato
- Greek: Σάββατο (Sávvato)
- German: Sabbat, Judensabbat (“Jews' Sabbath”), Christensabbat (“Christians' Sabbath”), Hexensabbat (“witches' Sabbath”), Samstag, Schabbat
- Latin: sabbatum
- Low Saxon (Low German): Sabbat
- Norwegian Bokmål: sabbat
- Norwegian Nynorsk: sabbat
- Romanian: sâmbătă
- Swedish: sabbat
Verb
שָׁבַת • (shavát) (pa'al construction, future ישבות \ יִשְׁבֹּת)
- to stop working, to rest
- Genesis 2:2-3, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- וַיְכַל אֱלֹהִים בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי מְלַאכְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וַיִּשְׁבֹּת בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי מִכָּל־מְלַאכְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה׃ וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי וַיְקַדֵּשׁ אֹתוֹ כִּי בוֹ שָׁבַת מִכָּל־מְלַאכְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר־בָּרָא אֱלֹהִים לַעֲשׂוֹת׃
- vay'khál 'elohím bayóm hash'vi'í m'lakhtó 'ashér 'asá vayishbót bayóm hash'vi'í mikol-m'lakhtó 'ashér 'asá. vay'várekh 'elohím 'et-yóm hash'vi'í vay'kadésh 'otó kí vó shavát mikol-m'lakhtó 'asher-bará 'elohím la'asót.
wayəḵal ʾĕlōhīm bayyōm haššəḇīʿī məlaḵtō ʾăšer ʿāśā wayyišbōṯ bayyōm haššəḇīʿī mikkol-məlaḵtō ʾăšer ʿāśā. wayəḇā́reḵ ʾĕlōhīm ʾeṯ-yōm haššəḇīʿī wayəqaddēš ʾōṯō kī ḇō šāḇaṯ mikkol-məlaḵtō ʾăšer-bārā ʾĕlōhīm laʿăśōṯ. - And on the seventh day God finished His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made. And God blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it; because that in it He rested from all His work which God in creating had made.
- vay'khál 'elohím bayóm hash'vi'í m'lakhtó 'ashér 'asá vayishbót bayóm hash'vi'í mikol-m'lakhtó 'ashér 'asá. vay'várekh 'elohím 'et-yóm hash'vi'í vay'kadésh 'otó kí vó shavát mikol-m'lakhtó 'asher-bará 'elohím la'asót.
-
- Genesis 2:2-3, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- to go on strike
Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׁבַת (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
| non-finite forms |
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| finite forms | singular | plural | |||
| m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
| past | first | שבתתי \ שָׁבַתִּי | שָׁבַתְנוּ | ||
| second | שבתת \ שָׁבַתָּ | שבתת \ שָׁבַתְּ | שבתתם \ שְׁבַתֶּם1 | שבתתן \ שְׁבַתֶּן1 | |
| third | שָׁבַת | שָׁבְתָה | שָׁבְתוּ | ||
| present | שׁוֹבֵת | שׁוֹבֶתֶת | שׁוֹבְתִים | שׁוֹבְתוֹת | |
| future | first | אשבות \ אֶשְׁבֹּת | נשבות \ נִשְׁבֹּת | ||
| second | תשבות \ תִּשְׁבֹּת | תִּשְׁבְּתִי | תִּשְׁבְּתוּ | תשבותנה \ תִּשְׁבֹּתְנָה2 | |
| third | ישבות \ יִשְׁבֹּת | תשבות \ תִּשְׁבֹּת | יִשְׁבְּתוּ | תשבותנה \ תִּשְׁבֹּתְנָה2 | |
| imperative | שבות \ שְׁבֹת | שִׁבְתִי | שִׁבְתוּ | שבותנה \ שְׁבֹתְנָה2 | |
| notes |
| ||||
Derived terms
- שְׁבִיתָה (sh'vitá)
Etymology 2
| Root |
|---|
| י־שׁ־ב |
Verb
שֶׁבֶת • (shévet)
- Bare infinitive (infinitive construct or gerund) of יָשַׁב (yasháv)
Yiddish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʃa.bəs]
Noun
שבת • (shabes) m, plural שבתים (shabosem)
Derived terms
See also
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