не

See also: нѐ, -не, не-, н. е., and Appendix:Variations of "ne"

Belarusian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [nʲe]
  • IPA(key): [nʲa] (before a stressed syllable)
  • Audio(file)

Adverb

не • (nje)

  1. no (word used to indicate disagreement or negative)

Particle

не • (nje)

  1. not

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɛ/

Particle

не • (ne)

  1. used to show disagreement or negation, no
    Не, грешиш. ― Ne, grešiš. ― No, you are mistaken.
    Не, сега не може да гледаш телевизия. ― Ne, sega ne može da gledaš televizija. ― No, you may not watch television now.
  2. used to negate the meaning of the following word or phrase, not, n't
    Не знам. ― Ne znam. ― I don't know.
    Не мога. ― Ne moga. ― I can't.
    Мария не им даде възможност да се извинят. ― Marija ne im dade vǎzmožnost da se izvinjat. ― Maria didn't give them a chance to apologize.
    Не Мария им даде възможност да се извинят. ― Ne Marija im dade vǎzmožnost da se izvinjat. ― It was not Maria who gave them a chance to apologize. (Someone else did.)
    Не на тях Мария даде възможност да се извинят. ― Ne na tjah Marija dade vǎzmožnost da se izvinjat. ― It was not to them that Maria gave a chance to apologize. (She gave it to someone else.)
    Не възможност да се извинят им даде Мария. ― Ne vǎzmožnost da se izvinjat im dade Marija. ― It was not a chance to apologize that Maria gave them. (She gave them something else.)
    Не да се извинят им даде възможност Мария. ― Ne da se izvinjat im dade vǎzmožnost Marija. ― It was not a chance to apologize that Maria gave them. (She gave them a chance to do something else.)

Macedonian

Adverb

не • (ne)

  1. no

Particle

не • (ne)

  1. not

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Particle

не • (ne)

  1. no
  2. not

Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Pronunciation

  • (unstressed) IPA(key): [nʲɪ]
  • (stressed) IPA(key): [ˈnʲe]
  • Audio(file)
  • Homophone: ни (ni) (when unstressed)

Particle

не • (ne)

  1. (negative in full) not, no, -n't, without
    Он не зна́ет ― On ne znájet ― He does not know.
    не долете́в до це́ли ― ne doletév do céli ― without reaching the target
    он не ге́ний ― on ne génij ― he is no genius
    Не де́лай э́того! ― Ne délaj étovo! ― Don’t do it!
    Не говори́ ни сло́ва! ― Ne govorí ni slóva! ― don’t say a word!
  2. Idiomatic negative usage
    (мне) не по себе́ ― (mne) ne po sebé ― (I) feel sick; (I) feel uncomfortable
    не раз ― ne raz ― more than once; time and again; repeatedly; many a time
    Я ви́дел вас не раз. ― Ja vídel vas ne raz. ― I have seen you often.
    тем не ме́нее ― tem ne méneje ― nevertheless
  3. (partial negative) perhaps not, whether ... or not
    Сча́стье не сча́стье, но что́-то похо́жее. ― Sčástʹje ne sčástʹje, no štó-to poxóžeje. ― Perhaps not happiness, but something very much like it.
    Хо́чешь не хо́чешь, а придётся сде́лать. ― Xóčešʹ ne xóčešʹ, a pridjótsja sdélatʹ. ― like it or not, you’ll have to do it.
  4. will never (implying impossibility to do something)
    Ему́ э́того не сде́лать. ― Jemú étovo ne sdélatʹ. ― He will never do it.
  5. (usually not translated, gives affirmative meaning for expression, especially in exclamations)
    Како́й ру́сский не лю́бит бы́строй езды́! ― Kakój rússkij ne ljúbit býstroj jezdý! ― Every Russian likes to drive (a car) fast!
    Кто не лю́бит пое́сть! ― Kto ne ljúbit pojéstʹ! ― Everyone likes a good meal!

Usage notes

не sometimes appears stressed, e.g. in the past negative of быть (bytʹ, “to be”), where the forms appear as не́ был (né byl), не была́ (ne bylá), не́ было (né bylo), не́ были (né byli) (i.e. не is stressed in the masculine singular, the neuter singular and the plural, but not the feminine singular).

Prefix

не • (ne)

With prepositions and pronouns не actually is a prefix, in spite of the fact that it is written separately.

Examples:

  1. не́ с кем (né s kem, “from”) → не́кем (nékem)
  2. не́ из чего́ (né iz čevó, “from”) → не́чего (néčevo)

See also

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ne/

Particle

не (Latin spelling ne)

  1. not (denoting negation)
    Не знам. ― I don't know.
    Он је не само даровит, већ и јако марљив. ― He is not only talented, but also very industrious.
    хтео-не хтео ― whether you want it or not
    Да не спаваш? ― Aren't you sleeping?
    Не могу, а да не... ― I cannot but...
    рећи не ― to say no, refuse, decline
    не мање него... ― no less then...
    не доћи ― to fail to come, not come
    ... Зар не? ― ... Aren't you? (Do you?, Don't you?)

Interjection

не (Latin spelling ne)

  1. no
    Да ли си демократа? Не! ― Are you a democrat? No!

Synonyms

  • јок (dialectal, from Turkish)

Antonyms

Tajik

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Term?].

Adverb

не • (ne)

  1. no

See also

Tundra Nenets

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *niŋä.

Noun

не (ńē)

  1. woman

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈnɛ]
  • Audio(file)

Particle

не • (ne)

  1. no
  2. not
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