знати

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.

Verb

знати • (znati)

to know

Synonyms

вѣдѣти (věděti)

Old East Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.

Verb

знати (znati)

to know

Descendants

Belarusian: знаць (znacʹ)
Russian: знать (znatʹ)
Ukrainian: зна́ти (znáty)

Russian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈznatʲɪ]

Noun

зна́ти • (znáti) f inan

genitive singular of знать (znatʹ)
dative singular of знать (znatʹ)
prepositional singular of знать (znatʹ)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-. Cognate with Bulgarian зная (znaja), Russian знать (znatʹ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /znâti/
Hyphenation: зна‧ти

Verb

зна̏ти impf (Latin spelling znȁti)

(transitive, intransitive) to know
(transitive) to be privy to
(transitive) to be versed in

Conjugation

Conjugation of знати

Infinitive: знати		Present verbal adverb: зна̏јӯћи / зна́дӯћи		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: —
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ја	ти	он / она / оно	ми	ви	они / оне / она
Present		знам / знадем	знаш / знадеш	зна / знаде	знамо / знадемо	знате / знадете	знају / знаду
Future	Future I	знат ћу¹ знаћу	знат ћеш¹ знаћеш	знат ће¹ знаће	знат ћемо¹ знаћемо	знат ћете¹ знаћете	знат ће¹ знаће
Future	Future II	будем знао²	будеш знао²	буде знао²	будемо знали²	будете знали²	буду знали²
Past	Perfect	знао сам²	знао си²	знао je²	знали смо²	знали сте²	знали су²
	Pluperfect³	био сам знао²	био си знао²	био је знао²	били смо знали²	били сте знали²	били су знали²
	Imperfect	знах	знаше	знаше	знасмо	знасте	знаху
Conditional I		знао бих²	знао би²	знао би²	знали бисмо²	знали бисте²	знали би²
Conditional II		био бих знао²	био би знао²	био би знао²	били бисмо знали²	били бисте знали²	били би знали²
Imperative		—	знај	—	знајмо	знајте	—
Active past participle		знао m / знала f / знало n			знали m / знале f / знала n
Passive past participle		знан m / знана f / знано n			знани m / знане f / знана n
¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. ² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. ³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. * Note: The aorist and imperfect have nowadays fallen into disuse and as such they are found only in literary texts; routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Terms derived from знати

до̀знати (“to find out”)
зна́ње n (“knowledge”)
зна́нац m (“acquaintance”)
зна̏но̄ст f (“science”)

по̀знати (“to know, have knowledge of; to recognize, make out”)
препо̀знати (“to recognize”)
прѝзнати (“to acknowledge, recognize; to own, confess; to admit; to concede the claim; to appreciate; to plead guilty”)
раза̀знати (“to distinguish, make out, differentiate”)

распо̀знати (“to tell apart, recognize, discern, make out”)
са̀знати (“to find out, come to know”)
спо̀знати (“to comprehend, conceive; to become aware or cognizant of; to learn”)
упо̀знати (“to get acquainted with; to meet, get introduced to; learn; experience”)

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic знати (znati), from Proto-Slavic *znati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-. Cognate with Belarusian знаць (znacʹ) and Russian знать (znatʹ).

Pronunciation

Audio (file)
IPA^(key): [ˈznɑte]

Verb

зна́ти • (znáty) impf

to know

Я не знаю.
Ja ne znáju.
I don't know.

Conjugation

Conjugation of зна́ти (znáty)

Note 1: for declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.
imperfective aspect
infinitive	зна́ти znáty
participles	present tense	past tense
active	—	—
passive	—	зна́ний znányj
adverbial	зна́ючи znájučy	зна́вши znávšy
	present tense	future tense
1st singular	зна́ю znáju	бу́ду зна́ти, зна́тиму búdu znáty, znátymu
2nd singular	зна́єш znáješ	бу́деш зна́ти, зна́тимеш búdeš znáty, znátymeš
3rd singular	зна́є znáje	бу́де зна́ти, зна́тиме búde znáty, znátyme
1st plural	зна́ємо znájemo	бу́демо зна́ти, зна́тимемо búdemo znáty, znátymemo
2nd plural	зна́єте znájete	бу́дете зна́ти, зна́тимете búdete znáty, znátymete
3rd plural	зна́ють znájutʹ	бу́дуть зна́ти, зна́тимуть búdutʹ znáty, znátymutʹ
imperative	singular	plural
1st person	—	зна́ймо znájmo
2nd person	знай znaj	зна́йте znájte
past tense	singular	plural
masculine	знав znav	зна́ли znály
feminine	зна́ла znála
neuter	зна́ло ználo

References

Melʹnyčuk O. S., editor (1985), “знати”, in Etymolohičnyj slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume II, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, page 270
Bilodid I. K., editor (1970–1980), “знати”, in Slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy, Kiev: Naukova Dumka

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