umbra

See also: Umbra and umbră

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin umbra (“shadow”). Doublet of umber.

Pronunciation

Noun

umbra (plural umbras or umbrae)

  1. The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.
    1. (astronomy) The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse.
  2. (astronomy) The central region of a sunspot.
  3. (chiefly literary) A shadow.
  4. (archaic) An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited.

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

Danish

Etymology

From Latin umbra (“shadow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɔmbra/, [ˈɔmb̥ʁɑ]

Noun

umbra c (singular definite umbraen, not used in plural form)

  1. umber (pigment, colour)
  2. (as an adjective) umber (of a reddish brown colour)

Interlingua

Etymology

From Latin.

Noun

umbra (plural umbras)

  1. shadow

Italian

Adjective

umbra

  1. feminine singular of umbro

Noun

umbra f (plural umbre, masculine umbro)

  1. Female Umbrian; woman native or inhabitant of Umbria

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

If from Old Latin *omra, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂mr-u-, *h₂mrup-; related to Ancient Greek ἀμαυρός (amaurós, “dark”), Luwian 𒈠𒅈𒉿𒄿𒀀 (“rot”), and 𒈠𒊒𒉿𒄿 (“rotten”) (also see Hittite Maraššantiya, their name for the Kızılırmak River), and this IE source said to be a possible borrowing from a Semitic root ✓h-m-r (“be red”).[1]

Generally connected with Lithuanian unksna.[2]

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈum.bra/, [ˈʊm.bra]

Noun

umbra f (genitive umbrae); first declension

  1. a shadow
  2. a shade
  3. a ghost

Inflection

First declension.

Case Singular Plural
nominative umbra umbrae
genitive umbrae umbrārum
dative umbrae umbrīs
accusative umbram umbrās
ablative umbrā umbrīs
vocative umbra umbrae

Derived terms

  • umbrātiō

Descendants

  • Occitan: ombra
  • Mirandese: selombra
  • Mozarabic: úmbra
  • Portuguese: sombra
  • Romanian: umbră
  • Romansch: sumbriva, umbriva, sumbreiva
  • Russian: умбра (umbra)
  • Sardinian: umbara, umbra, urma
  • Spanish: sombra

References

  • umbra in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • umbra in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • umbra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to exert oneself in the schools: desudare in scholae umbra or umbraculis
  • umbra in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill
  1. ↑ Whitehead, The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics, p. 13
  2. ↑ de Vaan, Michiel, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, vol. 7, of Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series, Alexander Lubotsky ed., Leiden: Brill, 2008.

Romanian

Noun

umbra f

  1. definite singular nominative and accusative form of umbră.

Spanish

Adjective

umbra f

  1. feminine singular of umbro

Noun

umbra f (plural umbras, masculine umbro, masculine plural umbros)

  1. feminine equivalent of umbro
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